外源碳添加对植烟土壤氮素转化及N2O排放的影响  

Effects of Exogenous Carbon Sources on Nitrogen Transformation and N2O Emissions in Tobacco-planting Soil

作　　者：李青山 王德权[3] 杜传印[3] 李现道 张国超 王术科[3] 管恩森[3] 王慎强[1] LI Qingshan;WANG Dequan;DU Chuanyin;LI Xiandao;ZHANG Guochao;WANG Shuke;GUAN Ensen;WANG Shenqiang(State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Weifang,Shandong 261205,China;Shandong Tobacco Research Academy Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250098,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]山东潍坊烟草有限公司,山东潍坊261205 [4]山东省烟草研究院有限公司,济南250098

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2020年第4期13-19,共7页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：山东潍坊烟草有限公司科技项目“提高烟叶品质和产量的土壤碳氮调节技术示范”(2019-44)。

摘　　要：为探寻有效调控烤烟生长后期植烟土壤氮素水平的措施,采用室内培养的试验方法,研究了葡萄糖、木屑及二者混合物对植烟土壤氮素转化及N2O排放的影响。试验设5个添加等量碳(纯碳3000 mg/kg)处理及1个对照:G1S0,葡萄糖:木屑=1:0(以纯碳计,下同);G2S1,葡萄糖:木屑=2:1;G1S1,葡萄糖:木屑=1:1;G1S2,葡萄糖:木屑=1:2;G0S1,葡萄糖:木屑=0:1;CK,不添加外源碳。结果表明,在培养1 d后,与对照处理相比,G1S0、G2S1、G1S1、G1S2处理的无机氮含量分别降低了51.71、61.78、62.33、62.46 mg/kg,而G0S1处理的无机氮含量却增加了4.12 mg/kg;G1S0,G2S1,G1S1,G1S2和G0S1处理的无机氮含量分别在培养7,14,14,14和28 d后达到最小值后呈不断增大的趋势。在培养结束时,与对照处理相比,添加碳源处理的无机氮降低量为96.80~148.10 mg/kg;除G0S1外,添加碳源处理较CK处理显著增加了CO2和N2O累积排放量(p<0.05)。可见,添加葡萄糖、木屑及其混合物能够显著降低土壤中无机氮含量(p<0.05);葡萄糖与木屑混施较单施木屑可以加快微生物对氮素的固持并增强固持强度,较单施葡萄糖能够延长微生物对氮素的固持时间;添加外源碳增强了土壤微生物活性,同时也刺激了N2O排放。综合来看,葡萄糖和木屑混施降低无机氮含量的效果最好。因此,添加外源碳可作为一种调控植烟土壤氮素水平的措施。In order to explore the effective measures to regulate soil nitrogen(N)content in tobacco planting soil during the late growth stage of flue-cured tobacco.An incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of glucose,sawdust and their mixture on N transformation and N2 O emissions in tobacco planting soil.Based on the equal carbon content(3000 mg/kg)addition,the experiment included 5 treatments:G1 S0,glucose:sawdust=1:0(Calculated by pure carbon,the same below);G2 S1,glucose:sawdust=2:1;G1 S1,glucose:sawdust=1:1;G1 S2,glucose:sawdust=1:2;G0 S1,glucose:sawdust=0:1;and no carbon added as control(CK).The results showed that the soil inorganic N content was decreased by 51.71,61.78,62.33 and 62.46 mg/kg in G1 S0,G2 S1,G1 S1 and G1 S2 treatments respectively,but increased by 4.12 mg/kg in G0 S1 treatment compared with that in CK at the first day of the incubation.The contents of soil inorganic N in G1 S0,G2 S1,G1 S1,G1 S2 and G0 S1 treatments all showed increasing trends after reaching the minimum values at the 7,14,14,14 and 28 days of the incubation,respectively.The soil inorganic N contents in treatments amended with exogenous carbon sources were all decreased by 96.80~148.10 mg/kg compared with that in CK at the end of the incubation.Meanwhile,the cumulative emissions of CO2 and N2 O in all carbon sources amended treatments except for G0 S1 were increased significantly(p<0.05)compared with those in CK,So,the addition of glucose,sawdust and their mixture could significantly decrease the content of soil inorganic N(p<0.05).Combined application of glucose and sawdust could accelerate and enhance the intensity of soil microbial immobilization of N compared with single application of sawdust.And it could also prolong the time of soil microbial immobilization of N compared with single application of glucose.In addition,the addition of exogenous carbon source could increase soil microbial activity and stimulate N2 O emissions simultaneously.In general,the mixed application of glucose and sawdust had the best eff

关 键 词：外源碳 植烟土壤 氮素转化 N2O 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业] S153[农业科学—作物学]