烤烟品种翠碧一号上部叶适宜采收方式研究  

Suitable Harvesting Method of Upper Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco Variety CB-1

作　　者：仙立国 黄一兰[3] 王松峰[1] 张瀛[3] 张烨 林智慧[3] 刘辉 林水良 林毅[3] 孙福山[1] 许锡祥 XIAN Liguo;HUANG Yilan;WANG Songfeng;ZHANG Ying;ZHANG Ye;LIN Zhihui;LIU Hui;LIN Shuiliang;LIN Yi;SUN Fushan;XU Xixiang(Tobacco Research Institute of CAAS,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture,Qingdao 266101,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Beijing 100081,China;Sanming Tobacco Company of Fujian Province,Sanming,Fujian 365000,China;Technical Center of Fujian Zhongyan Industry Co.,Ltd,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,农业部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]福建省烟草公司三明市公司,福建三明365000 [4]福建中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,厦门361021

出　　处：《中国烟草科学》2020年第4期90-94,共5页Chinese Tobacco Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC03);福建省烟草公司科技项目“翠碧一号特色品种烟叶黄熟香采烤精准技术研究与应用”(201735000024103);山东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“‘泰山’基地翠碧一号烟叶特质彰显关键技术与品牌应用研究”(JL-JS01029)。

摘　　要：为探究翠碧一号上部叶最佳采收方式,提高烟叶质量和可用性。以翠碧一号上部充分成熟烟叶为材料,设置3片、4片、5片、6片一次逐叶采收和5片、6片一次带茎采收6个处理,研究了上部叶不同采收方式对烤后烟经济性状、外观、化学成分、感官及致香物质的影响。结果表明,翠碧一号上部叶不同采收方式的烤后烟质量存在显著差异,对等级结构、均价、中部烟比例和感官质量等进行综合分析看出,6片一次采收烤后烟叶整体质量和经济效益最好,其中6片一次逐叶采收方式更有利于提高上等烟比例、均价和中部烟比例,分别比对照提高了8.56%、4.95元/kg和8.15%,6片一次带茎采收方式更有利于提高上中等烟比例和致香物质含量,分别提高了8.13%、20.22%,且显著改善感官质量。可见,在生产实际中,翠碧一号上部叶最佳采收方式为6片叶充分成熟时一次采收烘烤。This study aims to optimize the harvest method of upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco CB-1 and to improve leaf quality and usability.The fully mature upper leaves of CB-1 were used as materials in this experiment,with six treatments consisting of ordinary picking 3,4,5 and 6 upper leaves leaf by leaf at a time,and picking 5,6 upper leaves with stalk at a time.The effects of different harvesting methods on economic characters,appearance,chemical components,sensory and neutral aroma components in the upper leaves of CB-1 were studied.The results showed that there were significant differences in the quality of flue-cured tobacco leaves with different harvesting methods in the upper leaves of CB-1.Central to high grade leaf proportion,average price,middle leaf proportion and sensory quality of comprehensive analysis,the overall quality and economic benefit were best from picking 6 upper leaves at a time.Among the treatments,picking 6 upper leaves by leaf by leaf at a time was more favorable to increase high grade leaf proportion,average price and middle leaf proportion,which were increased by 8.56%,4.95 yuan/kg and 8.15%,respectively.Compared with the control,picking 6 upper leaves with stalk at a time was more favorable to increase high-middle grade leaf proportion and content of neutral aroma components,which were increased by 8.13%and 20.22%,respectively,and the sensory quality was significantly improved,too.In summary,the best harvesting method for the upper leaf of CB-1 is picking 6 upper leaves at a time with fully mature in production practice.

关 键 词：烤烟 翠碧一号 上部叶 采收方式 质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]