基于生态系统服务空间分异的武汉市城市森林经营策略  

Urban Forest Management Stragtegy Based on the Varations of Ecosystem Services in Wuhan

作　　者：程维金 周煜 王鹏程[1] 滕明君[1] 肖之炎 Cheng Weijin;Zhou Yu;Wang Pengcheng;Teng Mingjun;Xiao Zhiyan(College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences,Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information,Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070;Wuhan Forestry Workstation ,Wuhan 430023)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,湖北省林业信息工程技术研究中心,武汉430070 [2]武汉市林业工作站,武汉430023

出　　处：《湖北林业科技》2020年第4期1-8,18,共9页Hubei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770748)资助。

摘　　要：城市森林发挥着诸多不可替代的生态系统服务,影响着区域生态安全。改善城市森林结构,提升其生态系统服务,是森林可持续经营的重要目标和趋势。本文以武汉市为例,通过城市森林生态系统服务空间分异研究,探索城市森林可持续经营策略。基于实地调查数据、森林资源调查数据和遥感数据,运用相关生态学模型,从森林植被类型、城市化梯度、功能类型间关系等方面研究武汉市森林生态系统服务的变异特征,在此基础上提出了面向生态系统服务提升的城市森林可持续经营对策。研究结果表明:武汉市森林生态系统服务在植被类型间和功能类型间存在明显分异特征,马尾松杉木常绿针叶林、落叶阔叶林、灌木林等生态系统服务价值占比较高,其中马尾松杉木常绿针叶林生态服务功能价值占总价值比例为44.30%,达97.70×108元·a^-1,其他类型森林生态系统服务价值所占比例均小于5%;森林生态系统服务空间分异明显,黄陂区森林生态系统服务价值总量最高,占比为41.46%(91.43×108元·a^-1),新洲和江夏次之,占总价值的20.84%和19.21%,其他区占比均低于5%。尽管近年来武汉市城市绿化投入较大,但森林面积较小,中幼龄林面积比例较大,林种结构单一,纯林面积比例较高等问题是影响武汉市森林生态系统服务供给水平的关键因素。后续森林生态系统管理中,应围绕森林面积提升、加强中幼龄林管理,改善森林群落结构,优化森林景观格局等提升森林生态系统服务的供给水平和供给结构,为武汉市城市生态安全提供重要保障。Urban forests supplies many irreplaceable ecosystem services,affecting regional ecological security.Improving the urban forest structure and enhancing its ecosystem services are important goals and trends for sustainable forest management.Here,the variations of urban forest ecosystem services were estimated to explore sustainable forest mangement stratergies for Wuhan and similar cities.Forest ecosystem services and its variations among various vegetation types,urbanization gradients and different types of ecological functions were estimated and compared based on the field surveying data and statistical data for foresrty using several ecological models.The results show that,forest ecosystem services in Wuhan have distinctive characteristics between vegetation types and functional types.The ecosystem services value of Pinus massoniana evergreen coniferous forest,deciduous broad-leaved forest,and shrub forest is relatively high.Pinus massoniana evergreen coniferous forest ecosystem services value accounts for 44.30%of the total value,reaching 97.70×108 Yuan·a^-1,other types of forest ecosystem services value account for less than 5%;The spatial differentiation of forest ecosystem services is obvious.The total value of forest ecosystem services in Huangpi District is the highest,accounting for 41.46%(91.43×108 Yuan·a^-1),followed by Xinzhou and Jiangxia,accounting for 20.84%and 19.21%respectively.The area proportion of forest ecosystem services in other districts is less than 5%.In order to improve the supply level and structure of forest ecosystem services,the subsequent forest ecosystem management should focus on increasing forest area,strengthening management of young forest,improving forest community structure,and optimizing forest landscape patterns in Wuhan.

关 键 词：森林生态系统服务 城市森林 空间变异 森林经营 武汉市 

分 类 号：S718.557[农业科学—林学]