2017年6月10日南京机场强降水过程对航空飞行影响分析  

Effects analysis of strong precipitation process in Nanjing airport on aviation flight on June 10,2017

作　　者：聂颖 佘星源 张军 陈宝君[3] NIE Ying;SHE Xingyuan;ZHANG Jun;CHEN Baojun(Metorological Observatory of Jiangsu Air Traffic Control Branch of Civil Aviation,Nanjing 211113,China;Nanjing National Benchmark Climate station,Nanjing 210000,China;College of Atmospheric Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]民航江苏空管分局气象台,南京211113 [2]南京国家基准气候站,南京210000 [3]南京大学大气科学学院,南京210023

出　　处：《气象科学》2020年第4期554-559,共6页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41775132)。

摘　　要：降水对飞行的影响一直是航空气象关注的重点。本文选取2017年6月10日02∶30—18∶00的一次强降水过程的雨滴谱观测数据,分析了强降水时段雨强与能见度之间的相关关系发现,雨强与能见度呈明显的负相关关系。通过计算平均雨滴谱的各种特征参量,各种粒子对雨强的贡献情况,在雨强较小的区间主要为小粒子,而雨强越大,大粒子的贡献逐渐显现,在最大雨强的区间,出现了三峰形态,3种直径粒子的高浓度对强降水不同阶段的贡献各不相同,对航班飞行的影响也存在差异。使用雨滴参数计算了雨滴对飞机撞击力,分析各类飞机在强降水环境下的飞行受力均达到了10%的动力状况;受力方面各机型在低值区接近一致,有大型机在高值区迅速增加的情况;同样的雨强,小型机受到的力要远小于大型机;各机性在水平方向上的受力情况均较垂直方向大一个量级。The influence of precipitation on the flight has always been the focus of aviation meteorological attention.In this paper,the data of rain-drop spectrum for a heavy precipitation process from 02∶30 BST to 18∶00 BST on June 10,2017,are selected.The correlation between rain intensity and visibility during heavy precipitation was analyzed,and found the negative correlation between rain intensity and visibility.By calculating the various characteristic parameters of the average rain-drop spectrum,the contribution of various particles to the rain intensity is mainly small particles in the area where the rain intensity is small,and the greater the rain intensity.The contribution of large particles gradually appears,and in the maximum rain intensity interval,three peaks have appeared.The contribution of a high concentration of three kinds of diameter particles to different stages of heavy precipitation is different,and the influence on flight is also different.The author calculated the impact force of raindrops on the aircraft using the raindrop parameters,and analyzed that the flight force of all types of aircraft under heavy rainfall environment reached 10% of the dynamic conditions.In the aspect of force,each model is close to the same in the low-value area,and the rapid increase of the mainframes in the high-value area;With the same strong rain,the power of the minicomputer is much smaller than that of the mainframe;The mechanical force in the horizontal direction is one magnitude larger than that in the vertical direction.

关 键 词：强降水 飞行 雨滴谱 撞击力 

分 类 号：P426.615[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]