崇左市边境地区儿童疫苗可预防疾病免疫状况及居民知识水平调查研究  

Investigation on the immunization status of children vaccine against preventable diseases and the knowledge level of residence, the border areas of Chongzuo

作　　者：包丽娟[1] 农金花 梁兴业 BAO Li-juan;NONG Jin-hua;LIANG Xing-ye(Chongzuo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongzuo,Guangxi 532200,China)

机构地区：[1]广西崇左市疾病预防控制中心,广西崇左532200

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第16期3047-3050,3068,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西崇左市科技计划项目(崇科攻2019037)。

摘　　要：目的了解崇左市边境地区儿童疫苗可预防疾病免疫状况及居民知识水平,为中越边境地区制定免疫规划策略和措施提供科学依据。方法随机分层抽取3个中越边境县(市)2~7岁儿童444人,分析麻疹(MV)Ig G抗体、白喉(DP)IgG抗体、脊髓灰质炎(PV)总抗体、乙肝表面抗体(HBs Ab)、乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)的水平。结果中越边境地区儿童的乙肝抗原及乙肝、脊灰、麻疹、白喉抗体阳性率分别为1.1%、53.6%、97.1%、95.7%、95.3%,抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1∶67.47、1∶1 385.08、1∶0.13、1∶39.74。不同年龄组间脊灰抗体阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=25.892,P<0.001);不同地区组间乙肝抗体、白喉抗体阳性率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2(HBsAb)=12.084,χ^2(DPIgG)=7.452,P<0.05);常住儿童脊灰、麻疹、白喉抗体阳性率均大于流动儿童(χ^2(PVIgG)=7.551,χ^2(MVIgG)=12.771,χ^2(DPIgG)=14.564,P<0.05)。本地儿童乙肝、麻疹、白喉、乙脑接种率均大于外地儿童(P<0.05);儿童监护人对免疫规划知识、态度、行为调查问卷正确率均大于80%,信息获取主要渠道是预防接种门诊。结论崇左市边境地区2~7岁儿童免疫规划疫苗抗体水平和接种率维持在较高水平,儿童监护人对疫苗可预防疾病知识水平达标。流动儿童和边远地区儿童为免疫规划管理薄弱人群,应结合抗体水平监测加强重点人群、重点地区的疫苗接种工作。Objective To know about the immunological status of vaccine-preventable diseases in children and the level of relevant knowledge of residents in the border areas of Chongzuo,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating immunization plans and measures.Methods 444 children aged 2 to 7 who lived in 3 China-Vietnam border counties were randomly selected,and the level of measles(MV)IgG antibodies,diphtheria(DP)IgG antibodies,total polio(PV)antibodies,hepatitis B surface antibodies(HBsAb),and hepatitis B surface antigens(HBsAg)were detected.Results The positive rates of hepatitis B antigen and antibodies to hepatitis B,polio,measles and diphtheria in children in the border areas of China and Vietnam were 1.1%,53.6%,97.1%,95.7%,95.3%,respectively.The geometric mean titer(GMT)of the antibody were 1:67.47,1:1385.08,1:0.13,1:39.74,respectively.The difference in polio antibody positive rates between different age groups was statis-tically significant(χ^2=25.892,P<0.001).The difference in the positive rates of hepatitis B antibody and diphtheria antibody between groups in different regions was statistically significant(χ^2HBsAb=12.084,χ^2DPIgG=7.452,P<0.05).Polio,measles,diphtheria antibody positive rates in resident children were greater than that in migrant children(χ^2PVIgG=7.551,χ^2MVIgG=12.771,χ^2DPIgG=14.564,P<0.05).The difference in inoculation rate of hepatitis B,polio,measles,diphtheria,and encephalitis vaccination a-mong children of different birthplaces was statistically significant(P<0.05).The accuracy of questionnaires answers was greater than 80%,which were about the guardians’knowledge,attitude,and behavioral to the immunization program.Guardians mainly obtained information from vaccination clinics.Conclusion The vaccine antibody level in immunization program in Chongzuo,and vaccination rate of children aged 2 to 7 reached and maintained at a high level.Meanwhile,the children guardians’mastery of knowledge,attitude and behavior to basic immunization is acceptable.Migrant children and children in

关 键 词：边境地区 儿童 免疫状况 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]