基于涡分析的贯流式水轮机尾水管流动分析  

Flow analysis of tubular turbine draft tube based on vortex analysis

作　　者：彭笙洋 李正贵[1] 李新锐 柴芯 刘德有[3] 赵永智 刘小兵[1] 王维军 PENG Shengyang;LI Zhenggui;LI Xinrui;CHAI Xin;LIU Deyou;ZHAO Yongzhi;LIU Xiaobing;WANG Weijun(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery of the Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;In ternational Center for Small Hydropower,Hangzhou 310002,China;Dongfang Electric Corporation,Deyang 618000,China;AVIC Chengdu Kaitian Electronics Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 611730,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039 [2]西华大学,四川成都610039 [3]国际小水电中心,浙江杭州310002 [4]东方电气集团研试中心,四川德阳618000 [5]中航工业成都凯天电子股份有限公司,四川成都611730

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2020年第8期679-685,共7页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(编号:2018YFE0128500);四川省科技厅项目(编号:2020YFH0135,2020YFSY0029);教育部“春晖计划”项目(编号:XH20201120);西华大学研究生创新基金(编号:ycjj2018039);航空工业成都凯天电子股份有限公司预研项目(编号:Y1910,Y1920)。

摘　　要：为了研究贯流式水轮机尾水管的内部流动情况,基于正则化螺旋度方法和流线分析涡和涡带,对贯流式水轮机小流量、额定流量和大流量进行非定常计算,对比分析了3个工况下尾水管内部的流动特征。研究表明:小流量工况下,水轮机尾水管内存在一个与转轮旋转方向一致的螺旋状涡带,大流量工况下,水轮机内存在一个与转轮旋转方向相反的螺旋状涡带,且2种工况涡带都按一定周期演变。在小流量工况下,涡带周期运动持续到尾水管的中后位置,在大流量工况下,涡带周期运动在尾水管的前中部位置。根据正则化螺旋度方法分析得出在小流量工况下,涡带导致尾水管壁面两侧出现的涡旋旋转方向相反;比较正则化螺旋度方法和流线分析得出,正则化螺旋度方法分析涡旋的位置和范围比流线分析更加准确;2种偏工况下的涡带形态和发展类似,但大流量工况对应的阈值更大,表明该工况对应的尾水管流态更紊乱。In order to study the internal flow of draft tube of tubular turbine,the unsteady numerical simulation of the small flow,rated flow and large flow of the tubular turbine is carried out based on the regularized helicity method and the streamline analysis vortex and vortex rope,and the flow characteristics of the draft tube under three working conditions are compared and analyzed.The research shows that under small flow condition,there is a spiral vortex rope in the turbine draft tube that is in the same direction of rotation with the runner;under large flow conditions,there is a spiral vortex rope in the turbine in the opposite direction of rotation of the runner.The vortex ropes of both conditions evolve in a certain period.Under low flow conditions,the vortex rope periodic motion continues to the mid-rear position of the draft tube.While under large flow conditions,the vortex rope moves in the front-middle position of the draft tube.According to the regularized helicity method,the vortex rope causes the vortex rotation directions to be opposite on both sides of the draft tube wall in the low flow condition.Comparing the results of regularized helicity method and the streamline analysis,it is indicated that the position and region of the vortex of the regularized helicity method are more accurate than those of streamline analysis.The vortex morphology and development under the two off-working conditions are similar,but the threshold corresponding to the large flow condition is larger,which indicates that the flow in draft tube in the large flow condition is more disordered.

关 键 词：贯流式水轮机 涡量 涡旋 涡带 

分 类 号：TK73[交通运输工程—轮机工程]