分子凝胶:从结构调控到功能应用  

Molecular Gels:From Structural Regulation to Functional Applications

作　　者：陈香李 刘凯强[2] 房喻[2] Xiangli Chen;Kaiqiang Liu;Yu Fang(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry,College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry,Ministry of Education,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院,陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室,中国轻工业轻化工助剂重点实验室,西安710021 [2]陕西师范大学化学化工学院应用表面与胶体化学教育部重点实验室,西安710119

出　　处：《化学进展》2020年第7期861-872,共12页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.21673133,21820102005,21703130,21872091);陕西省自然科学基金项目(No.2018JQ2036)资助。

摘　　要：作为一类典型软物质材料,近年来分子凝胶在生物医学、柔性电子设备、晶体控制生长、水体净化,以及3D打印材料、微纳米材料和高能量密度材料制备等领域表现出巨大的应用潜力,受到人们越来越多的关注。如何提高分子凝胶结构调控效率,拓展分子凝胶功能,促进分子凝胶实际应用已经成为新阶段分子凝胶研究的主要内容。本文结合本课题组的研究工作,从动态共价键调控分子凝胶力学性能、分子凝胶促进高品质有机晶体制备和高性能多孔高分子材料的分子凝胶(凝胶乳液)软膜板制备三个方面阐述分子凝胶的结构调控和功能化应用研究。在此基础上,简要展望分子凝胶研究的发展趋势。As a typical kind of soft materials,molecular gels have attracted increasing attention during the last few decades owing to their great potential in the applications including biomedicals,soft electronics,controlled growth of organic crystals,water purification,and preparation of 3 D printing materials,micro-/nano-materials,high-density energetic materials,etc.It is believed that the main focuses of molecular gel research include:1)increasing the efficiency of structural modification,2)extending the functionality of molecular gels,and 3)promoting the real-life applications of molecular gels.In this feature review,we introduce the progress of molecular gel research with dynamic covalent bonds-based molecular gels,controlled growth of organic crystals in molecular gels and soft template-based preparation of high-performance porous polymeric materials as the main contents.In addition,a brief prospect for the future development of molecular gel research is provided.

关 键 词：分子凝胶 动态共价键 晶体生长 凝胶乳液 多孔高分子材料 

分 类 号：O648.17[理学—物理化学] O648.2[理学—化学]