无人农场的代际演进动力及路径研究  

Research on Evolutionary Impetus and Path of Unmanned Farm

作　　者：张彦军[1] 刘利永[1] 李道亮[2] 牛曼丽 Zhang Yanjun;Liu Liyong;Li Daoliang;Niu Manli(Beijing Institute of Science and Technology Information,Beijing 100045,China;College of Information and Electronics Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市科学技术情报研究所,北京100045 [2]中国农业大学信息与电气工程学院,北京100083 [3]北京市农业技术推广站,北京100029

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2020年第8期160-166,共7页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部委托课题“开展农业农村信息化发展的支撑服务”(11190160)。

摘　　要：我国农业正在加速迈向规模化生产和集约化经营,家庭农场、企业化农场、国有农场等各类农场将成为农业生产组织模式的主体。农场的出现和发展有利于农业生产力和生产方式的进步,特别是在新一代信息技术的推动下,农场的智能化程度不断提升,国内外已经出现了无人化农场的雏形。本文系统阐述了农场的演替历史,提出无人农场是农场演进的必然方向和终极形态;构建了无人农场从远程控制到无人值守再到自主作业不断迭代升级的三个进阶状态,对各阶状态的主要特征进行了总结;分析了影响无人农场演进的主要动力因素,并提出了无人农场三个进阶状态依次演进的内在规律。Agriculture in China is accelerating towards large-scale production and intensive operation.Family farms,enterprise farms and state-owned farms will become the main part of agricultural production organization mode.The progress of agricultural productivity and production mode will benefit from the emergence and development of farms.Especially,driven by the new generation of information technology,the degree of farms’intelligence is constantly improving,and the embryonic form of unmanned farms has appeared in domestic and overseas.In this paper,we systematically expounded the history of farm’s succession,and put forward that unmanned farm would be the inevitable direction and ultimate form for the farm’s evolution.Three advanced states of unmanned farm were constructed as remote control,unattended operation and autonomous operation,and the main characteristics of which were summarized.Meanwhile,the main dynamic factors affecting the evolution of unmanned farm were analyzed,and the inner motivation of the evolution of three advanced states was put forward in this paper.

关 键 词：无人农场 代际演进 演进动力 演进路径 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学] F306.1[经济管理—产业经济]