施药液量对植保无人飞机低容量喷雾防治番茄晚疫病药效的影响  

Influence of Application Volume on The Efficacy of UAV Low-Volume-Spray to Control Tomato Late Blight

作　　者：刘玉生 刘妤玲 黄树清 牛彤彤 袁会珠[2] 闫晓静[2] Liu Yusheng;Liu Yuling;Huang Shuqing;Niu Tongtong;Yuan Huizhu;Yan Xiaojing(Key laboratory of pesticide research and application,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanning Guangxi 530007,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Guangxi Tianyuan Biochemical Co.Ltd.,Nanning Guangxi 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部农药研制与施药技术重点实验室,广西南宁530007 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京1001933 [3]广西田园生化股份有限公司,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《农药科学与管理》2020年第8期46-52,共7页Pesticide Science and Administration

基　　金：国家重大研发计划项目课题(2016YFD0201305);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204041)。

摘　　要：无人机飞防省时、省力、高效,逐渐受到广大种植户的认可,市场需求不断增加。晚疫病是威胁番茄生产的重大毁灭性病害,如果防治不及时,会造成严重的减产和品质下降,目前生产上多采用常规大容量喷雾法防治,不仅费水费工,而且大水量提供了有利于病害暴发的高湿环境,防治效果往往不理想。本文以常规大容量喷雾处理作对照研究了植保无人飞机低容量喷施不同药液量和药剂量对番茄晚疫病防效的影响。研究结果表明:1)随着植保无人飞机施药液量的增加,其对晚疫病的防治效果显著增加,而药液量超过3L/667m^2后,药效不再增加;施药液量2L/667m^2时,植保无人飞机低容量喷雾效果与常规大容量喷雾(60L/667m^2)效果相当,而施药液量3L/667m^2时的防效显著好于常规大容量喷雾。2)植保无人飞机低容量喷雾在农药减量25%情况下,施药液量3L/667m^2的处理与常规大容量喷雾的防治效果相当。试验结果明确,植保无人飞机低容量喷雾防治番茄晚疫病具有较强的可行性。Plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)characterized by time-saving,labor-saving and high efficiency have been accepted by numerous farmers and its market demand has been increasing.Late blight is one of major devastating diseases that threaten tomato production by causing a considerable reduction in both production and quality if no effective and timely prevention and control.At present,in most cases,the regular large-volume-spray method is applied for late blight control,which is not only water and labor-consuming,but also provides a high-humidity environment favorable for disease outbreaks.In this paper,the control effects under different spray volume and dosage against late blight with UAVs were studied,using the conventional large-volume-spray treatment as control.The results indicated that:(1)with the increase of the spray liquid volume of UAVs,the control effect against late blight increased significantly until the liquid volume reached 3L/667 m^2,the efficacy didn’t increase any more.The control effect against late blight was equivalent to that of the conventional large-volume-spray treatment(60 L/667 m^2)with the UAVs spray volume at 2 L/667 m^2.while the UAVs control effect at the application volume of 3 L/667 m^2 was significantly better than that of the conventional large-volume-spray treatment;(2)The efficacy of UAVs with the spay volume of 3 L/667 m^2 and a reduction of 25%in the application dosage was equivalent to that of the conventional large-volume-spray.Therefore,it was concluded that the UAVs low-volume spray is suitable for tomato late blight control.

关 键 词：番茄晚疫病 无人机 低容量喷雾 施药液量 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学] S481.9[农业科学—植物保护]