二维相关光谱结合移动窗口技术研究堆肥溶解性有机质演化  

Study on Evolution of Dissolved Organic Matter in Compost by Two-dimensional Correlation Spectra Coupled with Moving Window Technique

作　　者：刘洪宝 袁英[2] 宋彩红 单光春 虞敏达 崔骏 何小松 Liu Hongbao;Yuan Ying;Song Caihong;Shan Guangchun;Yu Minda;Cui Jun;He Xiaosong(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin Guangxi 541006;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012;College of Life Science,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng Shandong 252000;School of Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin Heilongjiang 150090)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541006 [2]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护地下水污染模拟与控制重点实验,北京100012 [3]聊城大学生命科学学院,山东聊城252000 [4]哈尔滨工业大学环境学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2020年第4期11-16,21,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1101300);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2018GXNSFGA281001)。

摘　　要：探究堆肥过程有机质演化时序及关键演化阶段,为堆肥物质转化研究和工艺优化提供参考。提取不同发酵阶段的餐厨垃圾溶解性有机质,采用核磁共振和红外光谱,结合二维相关光谱和移动窗口技术解谱技术,研究了堆肥过程中有机质演化特征。结果表明,堆肥过程中溶解性有机质中不同组分转化顺序整体呈现为:脂类→胺→醇、酯、醚→蛋白类→木质素酚;在堆肥后期(第13~35天)物质变化明显,其中酰胺类化合物的变化最为明显,此时期有机质可能腐殖化形成了腐殖质。堆肥有机质碳结构转化时序为:COO和N—C=O、NCH或OCH3→CCH3→CCH2;第3~6天和第13~35天是有机质碳骨架演变明显的时间段,其中CCH2的碳骨架变化在两时间段均发生了剧烈变化。基于以上对有机质分子层面结构转化规律认识,可知在堆肥高温期和腐熟期有机质发生了剧烈转化,后续研究可通过控温、接种微生物以加速有机质降解和腐殖质合成。The organic matter evolution sequence and key evolution stages of composting process were explored,to provide references for the study of composting material transformation and process optimization. The dissolved organic matter(DOM)of food waste in different fermentation stages was extracted to study the evolution characteristics of organic matter during composting by using nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and infrared spectrometer(IR),combined with two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy and moving window technology. The results showed that in the process of composting,the conversion sequence of different components of DOM was lipid → amine → alcohol,ester,ether → protein → lignin phenol. At the later stage of composting(13th to 35th days),the changes of material were obvious,among which the change of amide compound was the most obvious,while humus was formed by the humification of organic matter during this period. The sequence of carbon structure transformation of organic matter in composting was COO and N—C=O,NCH or OCH3→CCH3→CCH2. The 3rd to 6th and the 13th to 35th days were the obvious periods of organic carbon skeleton evolution,in which the carbon skeleton of CCH2 changed dramatically in both periods. Based on the above understanding of the structural transformation rules of organic matters at the molecular level,it could be seen that the organic matters was transformed dramatically during the high temperature and the maturity period of composting,and in the subsequent research,the degradation of organic matter and the synthesis of humus could be accelerated by temperature control and microbial inoculation.

关 键 词：堆肥 有机质 二维相关光谱 移动窗口技术 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]