党参白粉病新病原鉴定及其分生孢子的萌发特性  

Identification of Codonopsis pilosula Powdery Mildew New Fungi and Germination Characteristics of Conidia

作　　者：徐雪芬 倪春辉 李惠霞 李金鸿 李文豪 徐志鹏 XU Xuefen;NI Chunhui;LI Huixia;LI Jinhong;LI Wenhao;XU Zhipeng(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院/甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2020年第15期111-117,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFC1706301);甘肃省中药材产业技术体系资助项目。

摘　　要：以甘肃省陇西县采集的党参白粉病病叶为试材,采用形态学特征观察及rDNA-ITS序列、28S D1/D2基因测序,对其病原菌进行种类鉴定,并采用悬滴法进行孢子萌发试验。以期明确该地区党参白粉病的病原菌种类及其分生孢子的萌发特性并为病害防治提供参考依据。结果表明:该病原菌菌丝粗2~8μm,附着胞乳头形;闭囊壳近球形,附属丝5~17根,多生于子囊果一侧,长23~131μm,为子囊果直径的0.19~1.51倍;内含一个子囊,子囊眼直径4~15μm,子囊孢子8个。该菌分生孢子萌发最佳温度为25℃,最适宜pH为6,参与试验的4种碳源对孢子萌发无影响,持续光照40 h对分生孢子的萌发有较大的抑制作用。形态特征与小蓬草单囊白粉菌(Podosphaera erigerntis-canadensis)一致。经MEGA 6.0软件分析,其rDNA-ITS序列、28S D1/D2基因均与P.erigerntis-canadensis聚在一起,与登录号为KJ660809和AB462764的序列同源性分别为99.62%和99.82%,经检索党参病害,由P.erigerntis-canadensis引起的党参白粉病国内尚鲜见报道。Taking the powdery mildew leaves of Codonopsis pilosula collected in Longxi County of Gansu Province as test materials,the pathogen species were identified by morphological observation,rDNA-ITS sequence and 28 S D1/D2 gene sequencing,and spore germination test was conducted by suspension drop method.In order to clarified the pathogen species and conidia germination characteristics of Codonopsis pilosula in this area,and provided reference for disease control.The results showed that the mycelium of the pathogen was 2-8μm thick and had papillae appressorium;the ascocarps were approximately spherical with 5-17 accessory filaments,most of which were on one side of the ascocarp and were 23-131μm long,0.19-1.51 times of diameter of the ascocarps;it contained one ascus with eye diameters of 4-15μm and 8 ascospores per ascus.The optimum temperature for conidia germination was 25℃,and the optimum pH was 6.The tested four carbon sources had no effect on conidia germination.Continuous light(more than 40 hours)had great inhibition on conidia germination.All the morphological characteristics were identified with Podosphaera erigerntis-canadensis.The rDNA-ITS sequence and 28 S D1/D2 gene were clustered with P.erigerntis-canadensis by MEGA 6.0 software analysis.The similarities with KJ660809 and AB462764 were 99.62%and 99.82%respectively.The powdery mildew of Codonopsis pilosula caused by P.erigerntis-canadensis had not been reported in China.

关 键 词：党参白粉病 rDNA-ITS序列 28S D1/D2基因 小蓬草单囊白粉菌 分生孢子萌发 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] F724.6