金沙江干流浮游植物群落结构特征及其时空变化  

Temporal and Spatial Variation of Phytoplankton Community Structure in the Main Stream of the Jinsha River

作　　者：魏志兵 何勇凤[2] 龚进玲 朱挺兵[2] 孟子豪 柴毅[1] 杨德国[2] WEI Zhi-bing;HE Yong-feng;GONG Jin-ling;ZHU Ting-bing;MENG Zi-hao;CHAI Yi;YANG De-guo(College of Animal Science,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture of China,Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学动物科学学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,农业农村部淡水生物多样性保护重点实验室,湖北武汉430223

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2020年第6期1356-1365,共10页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：农业财政专项课题(CJDC-2017-01);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：为研究金沙江干流浮游植物群落结构及其时空分布特征,于2017~2018年春秋两季对干流14个断面进行调查分析。调查结果显示:金沙江干流水域共分布浮游植物8门100种(含变种),主要由硅藻(56%)、蓝藻(22%)、绿藻(11%)组成,浮游植物密度变化范围为0.0193×10^6~0.3410×10^6 cells/L,浮游植物生物量变化范围为0.016~0.434 mg/L,各江段存在显著性差异。Shannon多样性指数变化范围1.168~2.519,Pielou均匀度指数变化范围为0.559~0.876,Margalef指数变化范围为1.573~3.36,各江段多样性指数变化各异,金沙江干流水环境综合评价为中污染状态。等级聚类和排序结果表明,2017、2018年的春秋两季样本点群落均分为3组。上中下游在不同季节、年份里表现出不同程度的相似性,由于不同断面的环境差异造成了浮游植物群落的时空差异。时间上,金沙江干流浮游植物群落结构上每个季节演替明显,既有延续也有交替;空间上,采样点从上游至下游浮游植物群落越均匀旺盛,具有较明显的空间趋异性,聚类和排序较好的揭示了金沙江干流各江段浮游植物分布组成、种类数量和生境的相似性。In order to study the structure and spatial and temporal distribution of phytoplankton communities in the main stream of Jinsha River,14 sections of the main stream were investigated and analyzed in the spring and autumn of 2017-2018.The results showed that there were 100 species(including varieties)of phytoplankton in 8 phyla in the main stream of Jinsha River,mainly composed of diatoms(56%),cyanobacteria(22%)and green algae(11%).The density of phytoplankton ranged from 0.0193×10^6 to 0.341×10^6 cells/L,and the biomass of phytoplankton ranged from 0.016 to 0.434 mg/L.There were significant differences among the river sections.Shannon diversity index ranged from 1.168 to 2.519,Pielou evenness index ranged from 0.559 to 0.876,Margalef index ranged from 1.573 to 3.36,and The diversity index of each river section varies.The water environment of Jinsha River mainstream was moderately polluted by comprehensive evaluation.The results of hierarchical clustering and ordination showed that the sample plot communities in spring and autumn of 2017 and 2018 were divided into three groups.The upper,middle and lower reaches show similarities in different seasons and years,and the spatial and temporal differences of phytoplankton communities are caused by the environmental differences of different sections.In time,the phytoplankton community structure in the main stream of Jinsha River has obvious succession in each season,both continuation and alternation;in space,the more uniform and vigorous the phytoplankton community is from upstream to downstream,the more obvious the spatial heterogeneity is.The cluster and ordination of phytoplankton revealed the distribution of dominant species,the number of species and the similarity of habitats.

关 键 词：金沙江 浮游植物 群落结构 空间变化 

分 类 号：S932.7[农业科学—渔业资源]