有限空间爆炸瞬态温度的动态补偿方法研究  

Research on Dynamic Compensation Method for Explosion Transient Temperature in Finite Space

作　　者：张龙 廖旭东[1] 张宝国[1] 张东亮[1] 赵艳[1] 孔德骞 ZHANG Long;LIAO Xudong;ZHANG Baoguo;ZHANG Dongliang;ZHAO Yan;KONG Deqian(Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)

机构地区：[1]西北核技术研究所,西安710024

出　　处：《传感技术学报》2020年第6期861-866,共6页Chinese Journal of Sensors and Actuators

摘　　要：为改善铠装绝缘型热电偶的动态特性,采用集总热容法建立了热电偶传热模型,将其系统特性简化为一阶惯性系统。为验证系统阶次的合理性并确定传递函数参数,建立了最小二乘支持向量机系统辨识模型。采用高温油浴法进行了热电偶动态标定实验,基于动态标定数据和粒子群优化算法,建立了热电偶动态补偿模型。实验结果表明:由集总热容法和系统辨识模型确定的系统传递函数能够较为准确的描述铠装绝缘型热电偶的动态特性,传递函数在阶跃激励下的响应曲线与动态标定实验中传感器的输出曲线具有较高的一致性;基于粒子群优化算法的动态补偿模型表现出较好的补偿效果,经补偿后系统响应时间由7.124 s减小为1.187 s,且传感器工作频带得以有效扩展。将该方法应用于有限空间爆炸瞬态温度的动态补偿中,能够在一定程度上减小传感器的动态测量误差。To improve the dynamic characteristics of armored insulated thermocouple,the lumped heat capacity method was used to establish the heat transfer model of the thermocouple,and the system characteristics were simplified to a first-order inertial system.In addition,a least squares support vector machine system identification model was established to verify the rationality of the system order and determine the transfer function parameters.Furthermore,the thermocouple dynamic calibration experiment was carried out by using high temperature oil bath method.Based on the dynamic calibration data and particle swarm optimization algorithm,the thermocouple dynamic compensation model was also established.The results showed that the system transfer function determined by lumped heat capacity method and system identification model could accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the armored insulated thermocouple.The response curve of the transfer function under step excitation was highly consistent with the output curve of the sensor in the dynamic calibration experiment.The dynamic compensation model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm showed better compensation effect.After compensation,the system response time was decreased from 7.124 s to 1.187 s,and the sensor’s working frequency band was effectively broadened.In summary,the method could partly reduce the sensor’s dynamic measurement error when applied to the dynamic compensation of explosion transient temperature in finite space.

关 键 词：爆炸瞬态温度 铠装绝缘型热电偶 集总热容模型 系统辨识方法 动态补偿方法 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]