2015-2018年眉山市50岁及以上艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者流行特征分析  

Analysis of Epidemic Characteristics of HIV/AIDS Among the 50 Years Old and Above Patients in Meishan City From 2015 to 2018

作　　者：田甜[1] 李炼红[1] 王克云[1] 郭建梅[1] TIAN Tian;LI Lianhong;WANG Keyun;GUO Jianmei(Meishan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Meishan 620010,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]眉山市疾病预防控制中心,四川眉山620010

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第8期1031-1035,1042,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解眉山市50岁及以上人群艾滋病流行病学特征及变化情况,为制定该人群艾滋病防治策略和干预措施提供科学依据。方法通过中国艾滋病综合防治信息系统下载眉山市2015-2018年艾滋病病例历史卡片数据库,对相关数据进行描述性统计分析;用χ~2检验比较构成比的差异,用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验进行率或构成比的变化趋势分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2015-2018年眉山市新报告50岁及以上HIV/AIDS病例共1 336例,占总报告病例数的44.59%,50岁及以上病例年度报告发病率和占总报告病例数的比例均呈逐年上升趋势(Z=16.18,Z=8.80,P<0.001)。以男性为主(69.54%),已婚有配偶占62.65%,文化程度小学占55.16%,农民占83.16%,医疗机构检测发现占75.60%。传播途径以异性传播为主(99.18%);异性传播病例中男性以商业性传播为主(73.36%),女性以非婚非商业性传播为主(49.63%);不同性别、不同婚姻状况、不同年龄间、不同报告年份间异性传播方式构成之间差异有统计学意义(χ~2=400.91,χ~2=95.85,χ~2=27.06,χ~2=29.74,P<0.01);不同文化程度和不同职业之间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.42,χ~2=7.85,P>0.05)。随报告年龄的增长,商业性传播(Z=4.52,P<0.01)比例呈现增加趋势,非婚非商业性传播(Z=-2.29,P=0.01)和配偶/固定性伴间传播(Z=-3.49,P<0.01)比例呈现下降趋势。随报告年份的增长,商业性传播(Z=-3.43,P<0.01)比例呈现下降趋势,非婚非商业性传播(Z=3.94,P<0.01)呈现上升趋势,配偶/固定性伴间传播(Z=-0.33,P=0.37)比例稳定,无明显变化。结论近年眉山市50岁及以上HIV/AIDS流行形势较为严峻,发病率和构成比均上升明显。建议针对老年人群特点,采取有针对性的防控策略,控制HIV在老年人群中的传播。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and changes of AIDS among people aged 50 and above in Meishan City,and to provide the scientific evidence for developing intervention measures and control strategies for this population.Methods The historical card database of AIDS case which was reported in Meishan City was downloaded through the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Information System from 2015 to 2018,and the descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the relevant data.Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the constituent ratio,and the cochran-armitage trend test was used to analyze the variation trend of the rate or constituent ratio,with the test level a=0.05.Results Between 2015 and 2018,about 1336 HIV positive people aged 50 years old or above were identified in Meishan city,which was accounted for 44.59%of total newly-reported cases.The annual incidence rate and the proportion in the total number of reported cases of patients≥50 years old showed an increasing trend year by year(Z=16.18、Z=8.80,P<0.001).The majority of cases were male(69.54%),about 62.65%of elderly patients were married and 55.16%of them had a primary school education level.Peasants which was accounted for 83.16%,and the medical institutions was accounted for 75.60%.The main way of transmission was heterosexual transmission(99.18%).Among the heterosexual transmission cases,commercial sexual transmission was predominant in males(73.36%)and non-marital noncommercial sexual transmission was in females(49.63%).There were statistically significant differences in the composition of heterosexual transmission patterns among different genders,different marital status,different ages and different reporting years(χ~2=400.91、χ~2=95.85、χ~2=27.06、χ~2=29.74、P<0.01).There was no significant difference between different educational levels and occupations(χ~2=3.42、χ~2=7.85,P>0.05).With the increase in reported age,the proportion of commercial transmission(Z=4.52,P<0.01)showed an increasing trend,

关 键 词：50岁及以上 艾滋病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]