植物MicroRNA的研究进展  

Research Progress on MicroRNAs in Plant

作　　者：李瑞雪[1] 赵卫国[2] 章玉萍[1] 汪和臣 汪泰初[1] Li Ruixue;Zhao Weiguo;Zhang Yuping;Wang Hechen;Wang Taichu(Sericultural Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230061,China;College of Biotechno-logy,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang Jiangsu212018,China;Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center of Baojia Township,Yuexi County,Anqing Anhui 246651,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院蚕桑研究所,合肥230061 [2]江苏科技大学生物技术学院,江苏镇江212018 [3]安徽省岳西县包家乡农业综合服务中心,安徽安庆246651

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2020年第2期239-247,共9页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085MC76);安徽省农业科学院科技创新团队项目(2020YL045);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-18);安徽省重点研究和开发计划面上公关项目(1804a07020140)。

摘　　要：MicroRNA(miRNA)是生物体内一类非编码小RNA分子,长度为21~24个碱基,主要通过对靶基因mRNA的翻译抑制、降解等负调控方式在转录后水平精确有效地调控基因的表达。近年来研究发现,miRNA在植物生长发育、生理生化进程、逆境响应、器官生成、信号传导、细胞凋亡等多个方面发挥重要的调控作用,其中,在桑树响应非生物逆境胁迫和抵抗黄化型萎缩病等方面起到重要调控作用。本文从植物miRNA的生物合成、作用机制、生物学功能和miRNA及其靶基因的鉴定等方面进行综述,以期为桑树等植物miRNA的深入研究提供一些思路和参考。MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are endogenous non-coding small RNAs containing 21-24 nucleotides,and regulate gene expression precisely and effectively at post-transcriptional level by means of negative regulation of target mRNA ex-pression like translational inhibition or degradation.It was found in recent research that miRNAs play an active role in many aspects like plant growth and development,physiology and biochemistry process,stress response,organ forma-tion,signal transduction,cell apoptosis.Furthermore,miRNAs also positively regulate abiotic stress response and yellow dwarf disease resistance of mulberry.This paper focused on reviewing formation,functional mechanism and biological function of miRNAs and identification of miRNAs and their target genes to provide clues and references for further re-search on plant miRNA.

关 键 词：植物 桑树 MICRORNA 靶基因 作用机制 功能 

分 类 号：S888.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]