学科前沿分析的方法与实践——以北京大学图书馆为例  

The Study of Methods and Practices of Identifying Discipline Research Fronts——Taking Peking University Library as an Example

作　　者：张春红[1] 肖珑[1] 贺飞 唐勇[1] Zhang Chunhong;Xiao Long;He Fei;Tang Yong(Peking University Library,Beijing 100871;Office of Academic Development,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

机构地区：[1]北京大学图书馆,北京100871 [2]北京大学学科建设办公室,北京100871

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2020年第16期36-44,共9页Library and Information Service

基　　金：2018年教育部科学事业费重大项目"中国高校研究前沿分析——文献计量学视角"(项目编号:2017ZL17)研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]通过对比已有的前沿分析方法与实践,梳理和总结前沿分析常用方法的利弊及效果,厘清学科前沿的概念,对图书馆开展基于多源数据的学科前沿分析服务进行探索。[方法/过程]通过文献和案例调研,运用对比分析、案例分析等方法,对已有前沿分析报告的方法与成果进行比较,并重点以北京大学图书馆的《北京大学科学研究前沿》及《中国高校研究前沿》为案例,介绍高校图书馆基于多源数据进行学科前沿分析服务的内涵、特色、指标、研究方法等,为高校图书馆开展学科前沿分析服务提供借鉴。[结果/结论]高校图书馆的学科前沿分析服务应精准对标学科发展需求、多方位获取和多维度挖掘数据,综合运用前沿分析的各种方法,明确各学科具有竞争优势的研究领域和研究方向,评估和判断各学科研究的未来发展态势,为一流学科建设的布局及资源投入提供参考。[Purpose/significance]By reviewing and analyzing the methods and practices,this paper summarized the effects,advantages and disadvantages of the identifying discipline research fronts.This paper clarified the concept of the discipline research fronts and explored the development of frontier analysis services based on multi-source data in libraries.[Method/process]Using literature study and cases study,this paper explored the studies of identifying discipline research fronts by comparative analysis.Then it took two cases of identifying discipline research fronts of Peking University library as examples,explores the connotation,characteristics,indexes and research methods of discipline research frontier analysis service in university library,which provides reference for the development of the services.[Result/conclusion]The results show that the accurate benchmarking of discipline development needs,diversity of data sources,comprehensive analysis of the source data,and comprehensive application of various methods have been significantly improved the effects of the frontier analysis service in the aspects of clarifying the research fields and research directions of each discipline.Which can help to clearly understand,evaluate and judge the future development trend of the disciplines,and provide a useful reference for the layout and resource investment of the disciplines development.

关 键 词：前沿分析 前沿报告 学科研究前沿 热点分析 共词分析 

分 类 号：G250[文化科学—图书馆学]