基于Matlab的短路熔痕凝固过程中熔体温度测算方法  

Measuring and calculating method of melt temperature during solidification process of short circuit melted mark based on Matlab

作　　者：荣彦超 李阳 刘义祥 汤昊 王博 RONG Yanchao;LI Yang;LIU Yixiang;TANG Hao;WANG Bo(Squad Three of Graduate Faculty,China People’s Police University,Langfang Hebei 065000,China;Fire Physical Evidence Appraisal Center,China People’s Police University,Langfang Hebei 065000,China;Changping Detachment,Beijing Fire and Rescue Brigade,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民警察大学研究生三队,河北廊坊065000 [2]中国人民警察大学物证鉴定中心,河北廊坊065000 [3]北京市消防救援总队昌平支队,北京102200

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2020年第8期75-81,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：中国人民警察大学创新实验平台专项项目(2019sycxpd001)。

摘　　要：为解决无法对瞬时凝固的熔痕高温熔体进行测温,从而致使火灾物证鉴定界对短路熔痕组织形成规律无法达成共识的问题,使用高速摄像机采集熔痕形成时熔体的彩色影像,运用Matlab图像色温识别技术,对熔体凝固时的色彩变化进行识别与分析,从而建立测算短路熔痕凝固速率的方法。结果表明:该方法的平均标准差为9.63,标准不确定度为2.55 K,计算结果满足测试要求;在测算的10个熔痕中,灭弧瞬间熔体温度为1734.03~2759.15 K,初始冷却速率为-255.16^-86.61 K/ms,凝固时长为46.45~87.99 ms;灭弧时熔体温度与初始冷却速率呈近似正相关关系,与熔痕体积无关。通过此方法测算短路发生时高温熔体的温度变化,可为研究短路故障迸溅熔痕引燃、熔痕组织变化规律提供方法支持。The short circuit melted mark is the key evidence for the identification of electrical fire.In order to solve the problem that it is impossible to measure the temperature of high-temperature melt for the melted mark with instantaneous solidification,so that there is no consensus about the formation regularity of short circuit melted mark in the community of fire physical evidence appraisal,the color images of melt when the melted marks formed were collected by using the high-speed camera,and the color change when the melt solidified was identified and analyzed by using the color temperature recognition technology of Matlab,thus a method for measuring and calculating the solidification velocity of short circuit melted mark was established.The results showed that the average standard deviation of the method was 9.63,and the standard uncertainty was 2.55 K,so the calculated results met the test requirements.In the measured ten melted marks,the melt temperature at the moment of arc extinguishing ranged from 1734.03 to 2759.15 K,the initial cooling velocity ranged from-86.61 to-255.16 K/ms,and the solidification duration ranged from 46.45 to 87.99 ms.The melt temperature at the moment of arc extinguishing presented the approximately positive correlation with the initial cooling velocity,while being independent of melt mark volume.This method can be used to measure and calculate the temperature change of high-temperature melt during the short circuit,and it can provide method support for studying the melted mark ignition caused by short circuit fault splash and the change laws of melted mark structure.

关 键 词：电气火灾 短路熔痕 色温原理 熔体温度 凝固速度 

分 类 号：X928.7[环境科学与工程—安全科学]