磁铁矿-磷灰石型铁矿的实验模拟研究进展与展望  

Progress and prospective of experimental research on iron oxide apatite ore deposits

作　　者：侯通[1] 潘荣昊 杨宗鹏 秦婧怡 HOU Tong;PAN RongHao;YANG ZongPeng;QIN JingYi(State Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地质过程和矿产资源国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《矿床地质》2020年第4期579-586,共8页Mineral Deposits

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(编号:41922012)资助。

摘　　要：磁铁矿-磷灰石(IOA)型铁矿,或称基鲁纳型(Kiruna)铁矿,或称陆相火山岩型铁矿,在时空上常常与碱性-钙碱性的(次)火山岩有着紧密联系。该类型矿床在世界范围内广泛产出,发育特征的磁铁矿-磷灰石-阳起石矿物组合,但其成因还存在广泛争议。文章介绍并归纳了成岩成矿实验在IOA型矿床相关的岩浆原生过程方面取得的最新进展,包括液态不混溶作用、岩浆磁铁矿-气泡悬浮模式和阳起石岩浆成因的实验验证,探讨了磁铁矿以及磷灰石通过液态不混溶作用和气泡悬浮完成超常富集形成铁矿浆的可能性。在此基础上,指出了相关实验目前尚存在的问题及未来的研究方向。Iron oxide-apatite ore deposits(IOA),also referred to as Kiruna-type deposits or volcanic type iron deposits,occur in a number of places all over the world and are characterized by magnetite,apatite and actinolite mineral assemblages,and are often spatially and temporally related to alkaline,calc-alkaline(sub-)volcanic rocks.The origin of IOA ore deposits is still controversial,with two main opinions being magmatic or hydrothermal origins.However,it is difficult to get further constraints on the origins of IOA ore deposits through traditional research methods which are mainly based on description.This paper aims to present a detailed review of the recent achievements and problems in high-temperature and high-pressure experimental study of the magma processes of IOA ore deposits,which include experimental studies of liquid immiscibility,magnetite-bubble flotation,and igneous origin of actinolite in IOA ore deposits,and discusses the possibility that“ore-magma”was either formed by liquid immiscibility or by magnetite-bubble flotation.Based on these summaries,this paper points out the existing problems related to the formation of IOA deposits and the further research directions.

关 键 词：地球化学 磁铁矿 磷灰石 阳起石 基鲁纳型铁矿 陆相火山岩型铁矿 实验 岩浆过程 

分 类 号：P618.31[天文地球—矿床学]