芜湖地区华支睾吸虫第二中间宿主感染情况及人群知行调查  

Investigation of the second intermediate host of clonorchiasis sinensis and the knowledge and practice among the local residents in Wuhu area

作　　者：鲁迪 王乐乐 吴娜 刘伟泽 刘慧慧 谷生丽[2] 赵金红[2] LU Di(School of public health,Wannan Medical University,Wuhu,Anhui,214002,China)

机构地区：[1]皖南医学院公共卫生学院,安徽芜湖214002 [2]皖南医学院医学寄生虫学教研室,安徽芜湖214002

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2020年第14期1787-1790,共4页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：2016年度安徽省级大学生创新训练项目(201610368143);安徽省重点教学研究项目(2019jyxm0257)。

摘　　要：目的了解芜湖地区淡水鱼的华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染情况,以及芜湖地区居民对于华支睾吸虫病的知晓情况和相关行为。方法采用直接压片法和消化法检查淡水鱼体内的华支睾吸虫囊蚴。开展现场和问卷调查分析人们对于华支睾吸虫病的知晓情况和相关行为。结果共检测淡水鱼4种400份,华支睾吸虫囊蚴仅在麦穗鱼中查到,感染率为0.92%(3/324)。在被调查的480名人员中,听说过华支睾吸虫的人占42.7%,不同文化程度知晓率不同,以大专学历及以上最高,占48.5%。对于华支睾吸虫的寄生部位、感染动物、危险食物、治疗药物、如何预防的知晓率分别为59.8%、20.8%、36.0%、16.0%、69.0%。切取生熟食物时共用一块砧板、加工过生鱼的刀切熟食、用生鱼喂养过猫狗、加工鱼后未洗手、有吃生鱼片、醉虾经历、有吃火锅烧烤的习惯等易感危险行为发生率分别为57.3%、34.0%、29.2%、8.8%、31.0%、29.6%和91.1%,而在知悉华支睾吸虫中间宿主淡水鱼虾危害的人群中,上述生活习惯上仍未做出改变。结论芜湖地区淡水鱼存在华支睾吸虫囊蚴感染,但居民关于此病的知晓率偏低,危险行为尚未引起重视,应加强宣传教育来提高人们的认识。Objective To investigate the infection of metacercaria of clonorchis sinensis in freshwater fish in Wuhu area,and the knowledge and behaviors of residents there about clonorchiosis.Methods Direct compression and digestion method were used to examine the metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in freshwater fish.Field and questionnaire surveys were conducted to analyze people’s knowledge of clonorchiasis and related behaviors.Results A total of 400 samples of 4 species of freshwater fish were detected,and the metacercaria was only found in pseudorasbora parva,and the infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 0.92%(3/324).Among the480 people surveyed,42.7%of them had heard of Clonorchis sinensis,and the awareness was different in people with different educational levels,people with educational background of college degree and above having the highestawareness,accounting for 48.5%.The awareness of the parasitic sites,infected animals,dangerous food,therapeutic drugs and preventive measures of Clonorchis sinensis were 59.8%,20.8%,36.0%,16.0%and 69.0%,respectively.The risk behavior such as cutting raw and cooked food with the same cutting board,or with the same knife,feeding a kitten or a dog with raw fish,processing after the fish but not washing hands,being used to eating raw fish,or raw drunken shrimp,and having the habit of eating hot pot or barbecue were 57.3%,34.0%,29.2%,8.8%,31.0%,29.6%and 91.1%,respectively.However,for people who have been aware of the harm of freshwater fish and shrimp as intermediate hosts of Clonorchis sinensis,these habits remain unchanged.Conclusions The freshwater fish in Wuhu area is infected with metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis.However,the awareness of Clonorchis sinensis infection among the residents is still very low,and the risk behaviors have not been paid attention to yet.Publicity and education should be strengthened to raise awareness.

关 键 词：华支睾吸虫 中间宿主 囊蚴 知晓率 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]