水稻农艺性状的耐盐碱鉴定及比较分析  

Identification and analysis of saline-alkali tolerance in rice agronomic traits

作　　者：张鑫 李景鹏[1] 陈艳辉 李羡宏[4] 杨福[1] ZHANG Xin;LI Jingpeng;CHEN Yanhui;LI Xianhong;YANG Fu(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Nanwaizi Agricultural Station,Gongzhuling City,Jilin Province,Gongzhuling 136100,China;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]吉林省公主岭南崴子农业站,吉林公主岭136100 [4]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2020年第3期260-270,共11页Soils and Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501208)。

摘　　要：为探究水稻品种耐盐碱的差异性,选用18个水稻品种(系)进行田间农艺性状耐盐碱鉴定,以不同农艺性状的相对抑制率作为耐盐碱性评价指标,分析产量性状耐盐碱性和其他农艺性状耐盐碱性及其相关关系,筛选出可作为水稻耐盐碱鉴定的指标,建立以产量为主、其他农艺性状为辅的田间耐盐碱鉴定体系。结果表明:盐碱胁迫对水稻的产量、抽穗期、株高、分蘖数、穗长、穗数、穗粒数、千粒重等农艺性状均有显著的抑制作用,且品种间耐盐碱性差异显著;盐碱胁迫对水稻不同农艺性状的抑制程度有所不同,对单株平均穗数影响最大,对抽穗期抑制作用最小;通过简单相关分析筛选出株高相对抑制率、分蘖数相对抑制率、穗粒数相对抑制率、千粒重相对抑制率4个与产量相对抑制率显著相关的指标,可作为水稻品种耐盐碱鉴定的参考指标。In order to explore the differences in rice salt-alkali tolerance,we selected 18 rice varieties(lines)to identify the agronomic traits for salt-alkali tolerance.The relative inhibition rates for agronomic traits were used as the evaluation index to analyze the relationship between yield and other agronomic traits,and field saline-alkali tolerance identification system based on yield and other supplemented agronomic traits were established.The results showed that saline-alkali stress significantly inhibited rice yield,heading period,plant height,tiller number,panicle length,panicle number,grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight.Significant saline-alkali tolerance differences were found among rice varieties(lines).The inhibition rates of saline-alkali stress on rice agronomic traits varied among rice varieties(lines),with the maximum effect on the average panicle number per plant and the minimum effect on heading date.Correlation analysis showed that four index including relative inhibition rates of plant height,number of tillers,grains per spike and 1000-grain weight were significantly correlated with the yield relative inhibition rate,which would be useful index for identifying saline-alkali tolerance in rice.

关 键 词：水稻 产量 农艺性状 盐碱胁迫 指标筛选 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]