长期施用磷肥和有机肥对菜地土壤磷素有效性的影响  

Effects of long-term application of phosphorus and organic fertilizer on phosphorus availability in vegetable soil

作　　者：郭玉冰 刘建玲[1] 郭巨秋 廖文华[1] 吴晶 谢娇 GUO Yubing;LIU Jianling;GUO Juqiu;LIAO Wenhua;WU Jing;XIE Jiao(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2020年第4期76-82,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省县市农业局横向合作项目(1704003).

摘　　要：基于长期肥料定位试验,研究不同磷肥有机肥用量对菜地土壤全磷(TP)、有效磷(Olsen-P)、活性有机磷(LOP)、碱性磷酸酶(AP)、微生物量磷(MBP)的影响及其之间的相互关系。结果表明:与试验前土壤相比,连续16年不施磷肥有机肥(P0M0)土壤有效磷含量降低12.3 mg/kg。施用磷肥土壤TP、Olsen-P、AP和MBP含量均显著增加,分别增加了68.75%~166.67%、93.21%~243.46%、7.69%~9.32%和80.16%~115.63%,但对于有机质和LOP无显著影响;施用有机肥可显著增加土壤各项磷素相关指标及有机质的含量,且影响大于磷肥。相关分析表明,土壤有效磷和有机质、全磷、活性有机磷、微生物量磷、碱性磷酸酶之间呈显著正相关关系。施用有机肥有益于增加土壤TP、Olsen-P、LOP、AP、MBP和磷活化系数,提高了土壤磷素有效性。This study carried out a long-term experiment to investigate the impact of the applications of phosphorus and organic fertilizers on the total phosphorus(TP),available phosphorus(Olsen-P),labile organic phosphorus(LOP),alkaline phosphatase(AP),and microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP)in vegetable soil as well as their relationships under these conditions.The results showed that the available phosphorus content of the soil without applying phosphorus and organic fertilizer(P0M0)for 16 consecutive years decreased by 12.3 mg/kg,and the contents of TP,Olsen-P,AP and MBP in the soil with phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased by 68.75%-166.67%,93.21%-243.46%,7.69%-9.32%and 80.16%-115.63%,respectively,but there was no significant effects on the organic matter and LOP.The application of organic fertilizer increased the contents of various forms of soil phosphorus and organic matter significantly and the effect was greater than that of phosphorus fertilizer.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil Olsen-P and organic matter,TP,LOP,MBP and AP.Overall,the application of organic fertilizers is beneficial to increase soil TP,Olsen-P,LOP,AP,MBP and phosphorus activation coefficients,thus the soil phosphorus availability was improved.

关 键 词：磷肥 有机肥 土壤有效磷 活性有机磷 碱性磷酸酶 微生物量磷 菜地 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]