低氧环境下外泌体可作为疾病的标志物  

Exosomes as a disease marker under hypoxic conditions

作　　者：赵敏[1] 冯柳祥 陈垚 顾霞 王平义 李一梅 李文华[1] Zhao Min;Feng Liuxiang;Chen Yao;Gu Xia;Wang Pingyi;Li Yimei;Li Wenhua(Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,Shaanxi Province,China;People’s Hospital of Yulong Naxi Autonomous County of Lijiang City,Yulong Naxi Autonomous County 674100,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学,陕西省咸阳市712082 [2]丽江市玉龙纳西族自治县人民医院,云南省玉龙纳西族自治县674100

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第7期1104-1108,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：2017 国家自然科学基金项目 (81760332),项目负责人:李文华;2020 陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目,项目负责人:王平义;2020 西藏科技厅厅校联合项目 ( 藏药红景天抗新冠肺炎“炎症风暴”作用及机制研究 ),项目负责人:李文华

摘　　要：背景:低氧是各种病症中常见的生理和病理应激反应,且外泌体广泛参与了低氧损伤机制及其适应机制,二者密切相关,是目前的研究热点。目的:为高原病的防治寻找新靶点,开拓新的思路。方法:应用计算机检索2013至2020年PubMed、Medline数据库,检索2018至2019年中国知网、万方数据库,中文关键词为“血清外泌体、低氧、肿瘤、炎症、心脑血管疾病”;英文关键词为“serum exosomes,hypoxia,tumor,Inflammation,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases”。最后纳入57篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:低氧通过影响细胞周期、形态结构、代谢、增殖、分化、自噬、凋亡等方面成为一种潜在的环境死亡因子,并且低氧可以调节外泌体的释放并改变其含量,这与细胞特异性、缺氧暴露的持续时间和低氧的严重程度密切相关。在低氧环境下,外泌体通过与受体细胞特异性结合的方式,传递各种生物学信息,发挥重要的生物学作用,其作为疾病诊断生物标志物具有巨大的应用潜力。BACKGROUND:Hypoxia is a common physiological and pathological stress response in various diseases,and exosomes are widely involved in the mechanism of hypoxia injury and its adaptive mechanism.The two are closely related,which is the current research hotspot.OBJECTIVE:To find a new target for the prevention and treatment of high altitude diseases and open up new ideas.METHODS:The PubMed and Medline databases from 2013 to 2020,and the CNKI and Wanfang databases from 2018 to 2019 were searched by computer.The key words were“serum exosomes,hypoxia,tumor,inflammation,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases”in Chinese and English.Finally,57 articles were included in the review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hypoxia is a potential environmental death factor by affecting cell cycle,morphology,metabolism,proliferation,differentiation,autophagy,apoptosis and so on.Hypoxia can regulate the release and change the content of exosomes,which is strongly associated with cell specificity,the duration of hypoxia exposure and the severity of hypoxia.In the environment of hypoxia,exosomes can transmit all kinds of biological information and play an important role in biology through specific binding with receptor cells.As a biomarker of disease diagnosis,exosomes have great potential.

关 键 词：血清 外泌体 低氧 信息传递 肿瘤 心脑血管疾病 高原病 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R394.2[医药卫生—临床医学]