火烧迹地在不同恢复方式下土壤氮素含量研究  

Research on Characteristics of Soil Nitrogen Content of Burned Area after Different Restorations

作　　者：李金享 春雪 辛颖[1] 赵雨森[1] LI Jinxiang;CHUN Xue;XIN Ying;ZHAO Yusen(School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《森林工程》2020年第4期12-20,共9页Forest Engineering

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572019BA11);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD08B02)。

摘　　要：为揭示大兴安岭地区重度火烧迹地在植被恢复后土壤氮素分布特征,本研究选取以1987年"5·6"大火后的重度火烧迹地经过人工恢复、人工促进天然恢复和天然恢复的林分土壤为研究对象,对土壤全氮、14 d可矿化氮、无机氮(铵态氮和硝态氮)和微生物量氮进行探究。结果表明:①3种不同恢复方式下,天然恢复的林分土壤全氮储量最高,全氮含量均为上层土壤大于下层土壤。②土壤14 d可矿化氮与铵态氮分布规律相似,其由大到小顺序为:天然恢复、人工促进天然恢复、人工恢复。硝态氮与微生物量氮含量由大到小顺序为:天然恢复、人工恢复、人工促进天然恢复。天然恢复的硝态氮与微生物量氮含量显著大于人工恢复和人工促进天然恢复(P<0.05)。③土壤有机碳、pH、容重与全氮、有机氮和微生物量氮均呈极显著相关关系。碳氮比(C/N)与硝态氮和铵态氮呈极显著相关关系。在土壤氮素各指标之间,微生物量氮与全氮、有机氮和14 d可矿化氮呈极显著相关关系。植被生长主要从土壤中吸收无机氮,本文通过对土壤铵态氮、硝态氮和14 d可矿化氮在不同恢复方式下的分布规律和结果表明,大兴安岭重度火烧迹地在天然恢复30 a后土壤中无机氮更利于植被的生长和利用。In order to reveal the distribution characteristics of soil nitrogen under different restoration methods in the seriously burned areas of the Dax Xing’an Mountains,forest soil underwent artificial restoration,artificially promoted natural restoration and natural restoration in the seriously burned areas after the"5·6"fire in 1987 was selected as the research object to investigate the soil total nitrogen,14-day mineralizable nitrogen,inorganic nitrogen(ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen)and microbial biomass nitrogen.The results showed that:①Of three different restoration methods,the soil total nitrogen storage was the highest under natural restoration.The total nitrogen content was higher in the upper soil than in the lower soil.②The distribution of 14-day soil mineralizable nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen was similar,from high to low were:natural restoration,artificially promoted natural restoration and artificial restoration.The contents of nitrate nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen were the highest in natural restoration,then artificial restoration and artificially promoted natural restoration.Natural restoration was significantly greater than artificial restoration and artificially promoted natural restoration(P<0.05).③Soil organic carbon,pH and bulk density were significantly correlated with total nitrogen,organic nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen.C/N had a very significant correlation with nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen.Among soil nitrogen indexes,microbial biomass nitrogen was significantly correlated with total nitrogen,organic nitrogen and 14-day mineralizable nitrogen.Plants mainly absorbed inorganic nitrogen from soil.In this paper,by studying the distribution of soil ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and 14-day mineralizable nitrogen under different restoration methods,the results showed that the soil inorganic nitrogen in natural restoration after 30 years was more conductive to the growth and utilization of vegetation in the seriously burned areas of the Dax Xing’an

关 键 词：大兴安岭 重度火烧迹地 不同恢复方式 土壤氮素 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]