F-H实验中第一栅压对IA-UG2K曲线的影响研究  

Effect of the First Grid Voltage on IA-UG2K Curves in Franck-Hertz Experiment

作　　者：沈畅 徐永祥[2] SHEN Chang;XU Yongxiang(Tsien Hsue-Shen College,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;School of Science,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学钱学森学院,南京210094 [2]南京理工大学理学院,南京210094

出　　处：《西安工业大学学报》2020年第4期378-383,共6页Journal of Xi’an Technological University

摘　　要：为探究F-H实验中第一栅极电压UG1K设置对实验曲线(IA^UG2K曲线)产生的影响,文中在充氩双栅极结构的F-H管实验平台上,对UG1K影响实验曲线的规律作了系统的实验研究。实验发现:随着UG1K的增大,峰谷电流呈先急剧增大,后波动式递减的规律;当UG1K约为0.5 V时,峰谷电流达到最大。该现象可由促进机理、抑制机理和波动机理的综合作用解释。促进机理是由于虚阴极的驱散以及低能电子的冉绍尔-汤森效应;抑制机理是由于高能电子的冉绍尔-汤森效应以及气体热导率的变化;波动机理是由于微观粒子碰撞的概率性以及由肖特基效应造成的波动性。文中所得结论为F-H实验中UG1K的设置提供了依据。In the F-H experiment,the setting of the first grid voltage UG1K will have a complicated effect on the experimental curve(IA^UG2K curve).In order to explore its mechanism,a systematic experimental study was made of the effect of UG1K on the experimental curves.Experiments were conducted on the F-H tube experimental platform with the structure of double grids filled with argon.It was found that with the increase of UG1K,the peak and valley current increased sharply first,and then decreased gradually with fluctuation.When UG1K was about 0.5 V,the peak and valley current reached its maximum.The combination of the three mechanisms helps to explain the above phenomena.The promotion mechanism is due mainly to the dissipation of the virtual cathode and the Ramsauer-Townsend effect of low-energy electrons.The suppression mechanism is due to the Ramsauer-Townsend effect of high-energy electrons and the change of the gas thermal conductivity.The fluctuation mechanism is due to the probability of microscopic particles’collision and the fluctuation caused by the Schottky effect.The conclusions obtained provide the basis for the setting of UG1K in the F-H experiment.

关 键 词：弗兰克赫兹实验 第一栅极电压 IA-UG2K曲线 碰撞截面 虚阴极 

分 类 号：O562.4[理学—原子与分子物理]