大型油库可燃液体池火灾损伤半径评价  

Assessment of Impact Radius of Pool Fire Event in a Large Oil Depot

作　　者：马志荣[1] 吴波 刘明川 赵文渊 韩锋 栾翔 田雨[3] Ma Zhirong;Wu Bo;Liu Mingchuan;Zhao Wenyuan;Han Feng;Luan Xiang;Tian Yu(Karamay Vocational&Technical College,Karamay,Xinjiang,834000,China;PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Oil and Gas Storage and Transportation Branch,Karamay,Xinjiang,834000,China;PetroChina Pipeline Company of Langfang Oil and Gas Transportation Company,Langfang,Hebei,065000,China)

机构地区：[1]克拉玛依职业技术学院,新疆克拉玛依834000 [2]中国石油新疆油田油气储运分公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司管道廊坊输油气分公司,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《天然气与石油》2020年第4期111-118,共8页Natural Gas and Oil

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区青年科学基金项目(2018 D 01 B 40)。

摘　　要：大型油库可燃液体泄漏后流到地面形成液池,遇到火源燃烧可形成池火,并造成多米诺效应,对周围人员、建筑及临近储罐影响巨大。利用可燃液体池火灾热辐射评价模型与稳态火灾作用下的热通量伤害准则,对某大型油库原油储罐火灾进行事故后果模拟分析,根据不同人体暴露时间,计算出可燃液体池火灾事故的死亡半径、重伤半径、轻伤半径、财产损失半径及推荐人员安全距离,估算火灾事故波及的范围和严重程度,分析储存单元、罐容、人员暴露时间、防火堤面积等因素对损伤半径的影响,并提出了预防、控制措施。通过分析评价表明,该油库西北侧的国道处于重伤半径内,西北侧的汽修厂也处于伤害半径范围内,应做好安全防护和宣传,减少对道路通行人员的伤害和财产损失;防火堤面积是影响各损伤半径和推荐人员安全距离的决定性因素。可燃液体池火灾损伤半径评价,对大型油库安全运行具有指导意义。In the event of loss of containment of flammable liquid in a large oil depot,a liquid pool can form on the ground and become pool fire if an ignition source is present.Such pool fire can result in a domino effect,with major impact on surrounding personnel,building and nearby storage tanks.This paper documents a simulation modelling of a large oil depot crude oil tank fire event,using thermal radiation assessment model of a pool fire and steady state fire heat flux damage criteria to modelling the consequence of the event.Based on different human body exposure timespan,this model calculates the radius of the extent of pool fire that can cause death,serious injury,light injury and property loss;and recommend safety distance of personnel,estimate the extent of the area affected and the severity of damage.This model also analyse Influence of factors such as storage unit,tank capacity,personnel exposure time and fire dike size on extent of the radius of damage,and recommends corresponding control and preventive measures.The assessment shows that the state highway in the north west corner is within the radius of serious injury,and the garage is within the radius of light injury.To reduce injury to road users and property damage,it is prudent to take safety precaution and conduct safety propaganda.The fire dike size is a key factor that affect the extent of radii of various damages and injury,and determination of safety distance of personnel.This assessment of on the radius of damage extent of flammable liquid pool fire is significant in guiding the safe operation of a large oil depot.

关 键 词：大型油库 池火 多米诺效应 损伤半径 防火堤面积 推荐人员安全距离 

分 类 号：TE88[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]