Single-atom catalysis enables long-life, high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries  

作　　者：Zechao Zhuang Qi Kang Dingsheng Wang Yadong Li 

机构地区：[1]Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China [2]Department of Polymer Science and Engineering,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China

出　　处：《Nano Research》2020年第7期1856-1866,共11页纳米研究（英文版）

基　　金：the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0702003);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21890383,21671117,21871159);the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M660607);Z.C.Z.acknowledges support from the Shuimu Isinghua Scholar Program.

摘　　要：With high energy density and low material cost,lithium sulfur batteries(LSBs)emerge quite expeditiously as a fascinating energy storage system over the past decade.Broad applications of LSBs ranging from electric vehicles to stationary grid storage seem rather bright in recent literatures.However,there still exist many pressing challenges to be addressed because we do not yet fully understand and control the electrode-electrolyte interface chemistries during battery operation,such as polysulide shuttling and poor utilization of active sulfur.Single-atom catalysts(SACs)pave new possibilities of tackling the tough issues due to their decent applicability in the atomic-level identification of structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanism,as well as their structural tunability with atomic precision.This review comprehensively summarizes the very recent advances in utilization of highly active SACs for LSBs by stating and discussing the related publications,which involves catalyst synthesis routes,battery pertormance,catalytic mechanisms,optimization strategies,and promises to achieve long-lite,high-energy LSBs.We see that endeavors to employ SACs to modify sulfur cathode have allowed efficient polysulfide conversion and confinement,leading to the minimization of shuttle effect.Parallel efforts are being devoted to extending the scope of SACs to cell separator and lithium metal anode in order to unlock the full potential of LSBs.We also obtain mechanistic insights into battery chemistries and nature of SACs in their strong interactions with polysulfides through advanced in situ characterizations documented.Overall,acceleration in the development of LSBs by introducing SACs is noticeable,and this cutting edge needs more attentions to further promoting the design of better LSBs.

关 键 词：single-atom catalysis lithium-sulfur battery polysulfide conversion shuttle effect atomic-level insight 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]