橡胶草的遗传改良研究进展  

Research Progress on Genetic Improvement of Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin

作　　者：王肖肖 覃碧[1] 杨玉双[1] 甘霖[1] 聂秋海 马勇 刘实忠[1] Wang Xiaoxiao;Qin Bi;Yang Yushuang;Gan Lin;Nie Qiuhai;Ma Yong;Liu Shizhong(Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science,Haikou,571101;College of Tropical Crop,Hainan University,Haikou,570228;Beijing Linglong Dandelion Technology and Development Ltd.,Tongzhou,101102)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,海口571101 [2]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228 [3]北京玲珑蒲公英科技发展有限公司,通州101102

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第17期5826-5834,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2017YFB0306901);北京玲珑蒲公英科技发展有限公司研发项目资金共同资助。

摘　　要：橡胶草(Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin,TKS)是一种具有商业化生产天然橡胶潜能的产胶植物,具有生长快,易栽培,适应性广等特点。橡胶草野生种质因自交不亲和,遗传变异大,且生物量小,含胶量低等特性造成生产成本高,从而制约其商业化开发,急需进行遗传改良以提高含胶量、生物量及遗传稳定性。本研究综述了橡胶草常规遗传育种、分子遗传改良以及遗传转化体系的研究进展,探讨了橡胶草遗传改良过程中存在的主要问题及发展方向,为今后橡胶草遗传改良研究提供指导。Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin(TKS)is a rubber-producing plant with the potential for commercial production of natural rubber(NR).It has the characteristics of fast growth,easy cultivation,and wide adaptability,etc.The cost of producing NR from TKS is very high due to the characteristics of self-incompatibility,large genetic variation,small biomass,and low rubber content,etc,which restricts the commercial development of TKS.Therefore,it is urgent to carry out genetic improvement to improve rubber content,biomass and genetic stability in TKS.This paper reviews the progress of conventional genetic improvement,molecular genetic improvement,and genetic transformation system in TKS,and discusses the main problems existing in the process of TKS genetic improvement and development direction,which will provide guidance for future research on genetic improvement of TKS.

关 键 词：橡胶草(Taraxacum koksaghyz Rodin) 种质资源 遗传改良 

分 类 号：S576[农业科学—作物学]