基于RS和GIS的区域农业地质背景调查研究——以湄潭县茶叶为例  

REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL GEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND INVESTIGATION BASED ON RS AND GIS——TAKING TEA IN MEITAN COUNTY AS AN EXAMPLE

作　　者：吴愈锋 周道琴 李威[3] 陈蓉[1] 王跃跃 陈炫炽 林国敏 康文华 Wu Yufeng;Zhou Daoqin;Li Wei;Chen Rong;Wang Yueyue;Chen Xuanchi;Lin Guomin;Kang Wenhua(Mining College,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Provincial Remote Sensing Monitoring Center for Land and Resources,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China;Guizhou Academy of Sciences Mountain Resources Institute,Guiyang,Guizhou 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省国土资源遥感监测中心,贵阳550004 [3]贵州科学院山地资源研究所,贵阳550002

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2020年第7期111-119,共9页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“贵州重要作物(马铃薯、辣椒、茶叶)种植区地质环境研究”(41463009,41563011);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目“贵州特色农作物(茶叶、辣椒、马铃薯、中药材等)种植环境元素地球化学研究”(黔教合KY字[2016]024);贵州大学研究生创新基地建设项目(贵大研CXJD[2014]002);贵州大学一流学科建设项目。

摘　　要：[目的]充分发挥农业种植的地质背景优势,调整和优化种植空间区划与布局,为区域农业地质背景调查方法提供参考。[方法]以贵州省茶叶种植大县湄潭县为例,利用RS技术提取全县茶叶种植分布信息,在GIS软件平台支持下叠加岩组图进行分析,定量确定湄潭县茶叶种植的地质背景情况。结合农业地质采样调查成果,开展茶叶种植地质背景适宜性区划。[结果]最适宜茶叶种植的地质背景是碎屑岩背景区,该背景区岩土元素含量丰富,茶叶品质高,占地6.022814万hm^2,尚有5.868492万hm^2的种植发展空间;碳酸盐岩夹碎屑岩背景区次之,适宜茶叶种植,已种茶叶905.63hm^2,占该地层面积的10.10%;纯碳酸盐岩背景区茶叶种植较为适宜,该区占全县面积的61.04%,岩土元素含量相对匮乏。由此,编制了湄潭县茶叶种植地质背景适宜性区划图。[结论]基于RS与GIS的区域农业地质背景调查方式切实可行,研究结果能为湄潭县茶叶种植规划与生产提供新的科学依据与技术支撑。Geological background factors in agricultural planting and planting zoning and layout optimization can provide a scientific reference for methods of regional agricultural geological background survey.In this study,Meitan,a county famous for tea cultivation in Guizhou province,China,was selected as the target research area,and RS technology was used to extract the county′s tea planting distribution information,which is superimposed and analyzed on the petrofabric diagram on the GIS software platform to quantitatively determine the geological background of tea planting area.In addition,the results of agricultural geological sampling surveys had also been considered for analysis to develop appropriate regional planning for tea cultivation.The study indicates that the most suitable geological background for tea planting is the clastic rock area,where geotechnical elements is relatively rich and was conducive to the cultivation of high-quality tea.This kind of planting area in Meitan county covers a total area of 60228.14 hm^2,there is still 58684.92 hm^2 of planting area available for use.The background area of carbonate and clastic rock is slightly inferior to the clastic rock area,which is considered as suitable for tea planting.There are already 905.63hm^2 of such tea planting areas,accounting for 10.10%of this type of area in Meitan.The pure carbonate rock area,accounting for 61.04%of the county area,lacks geotechnical element and is thus considered as a generally suitable area for tea cultivation.As a result,we compile a map of suitability zoning for the geological background of tea planting in Meitan county.The method of regional agricultural geological background investigation based on RS and GIS is feasible,and its research results can provide new scientific basis and technical support for tea planting planning and production in Meitan county.

关 键 词：RS GIS 茶叶 地质背景 调查规划 湄潭县 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]