气密性对寒冷地区农村住宅采暖能耗影响  

Numerical Simulation of the Yearly Heating Load of Two Typical Rural Buildings in Cold Area

作　　者：季永明 范彧菁 胡松涛[1] Ji Yongming;Fan Yujing;Hu Songtao(School of environmental and municipal engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao,266033)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266033

出　　处：《制冷与空调（四川）》2020年第4期406-415,共10页Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2017YFC0702601)。

摘　　要：对寒冷地区的农村住宅关键参数进行实地调研,以调研结果为基础,采用DeST仿真平台对两栋典型农村住宅采暖能耗进行模拟,并重点分析气密性的影响。调研结果显示,寒冷地区农村存在住宅结构缺乏科学设计、围护结构热工性能不满足设计标准、建筑气密性较差的现象。模拟结果显示,相对于传统农村住宅,新型农村住宅节能效果不明显;单因素影响分析结果显示,气密性对住宅采暖能耗影响最显著;多因素影响分析结果显示,在现有的基础上,传统与新型农村住宅设计参数满足《农村居住建筑节能设计标准》GB/T 50824-2013中相关规定时,采暖季相对节能率分别为59%、50%,冷风耗热量比例分别为15%、12%。研究表明,被调研农村存在非常大的节能潜力,且制定节能改造策略时,优化重心应充分考虑提高建筑气密性。With the high-speed development of economy,the energy consumption of rural residence in north China has increased rapidly.So,it is of great practical significance to study the energy-saving technology suitable for northern rural residence.The key parameters of rural residence in cold area were investigated firstly.Then,the heating energy consumption of two typical rural residences was simulated using DeST based on the investigation result.Last,the optimization suggestions for rural residential energy saving were given based on the above analysis results.It can provide references for the upgrading and renovation of rural residential buildings in cold areas.Investigation results show that there are some problems for the rural residence in cold area,such as the lack of scientific design of structure,the failure of the envelope thermal performance in meeting the design standards,and the poor air tightness of building.Simulation results of two typical rural residences show that new rural residence(built after 1990)have no obvious energy saving effect on the traditional one(built before 1990).The results of single factor analysis show that air tightness has the most significant effect on residential heating energy consumption.The results of multi-factor impact analysis show that the relative energy saving rates for the new and traditional rural residence in heating season are 59%and 50%respectively,and the cold air heat consumption ratio are 15%and 12%respectively,when the design parameters of them meet the relevant provisions in GB/T 50824-2013.This research shows that there is a great energy conservation potential for the rural residence in cold area.When formulating energy-saving transformation strategies,the optimization focus should be given full consideration to the improving of building air tightness.

关 键 词：农村住宅 气密性 空气渗透量 负荷模拟 

分 类 号：TU834.51[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]