应用电子效应判断有机化学反应主要产物  

The Utilization of Electronic Effects to Determine the Major Product of Organic Reactions

作　　者：段文增[1] 龚树文[1] 姚清侠 江新亮 王飞然 DUAN Wen-zeng;GONG Shu-wen;YAO Qing-xia;JIANG Xin-liang;WANG Fei-ran(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Liaocheng University,Shandong Liaocheng 252059;Liaocheng No.1 Senior High School,Shandong Liaocheng 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学化学化工学院,山东聊城252059 [2]聊城第一中学,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《广州化工》2020年第17期124-127,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：聊城大学金课建设资助项目;山东省高等学校教学改革研究项目(2012214);聊城大学本科教学改革培育项目(G201702z)。

摘　　要：诱导效应和共轭效应是高等有机化学中两类重要的电子效应,贯穿了大学有机化学的学习,一直是大学有机化学中的重点难点。本文通过分类分析和总结这两类电子效应对π电子的极化作用和中间体稳定性两方面的影响,可确定反应的主要产物,有利于学生的学习和相关内容掌握,为有机化学知识在反应生产中判断主要产物提供了重要的基础保障。涉及的反应包括亲电加成反应、亲核加成反应和亲电取代反应等。During the study of organic chemistry,the inductive effect and conjugative effect are two important electronic effects in organic chemistry,and have always been the key and difficult points in organic chemistry study.The influence of the two electronic effects on the polarization ofπelectrons and the stability of reaction intermediates was classified and reviewed,which were useful to determine the major product of organic reactions.It is beneficial for students to understand and master relevant contents,and it can provide important foundation to determine the major product of organic reactions in the production.The reactions discussed in this paper contained electrophilic addition reaction,nucleophilic addition reaction and electrophilic substitution reaction.

关 键 词：诱导效应 共轭效应 亲电加成 亲电取代 亲核加成 

分 类 号：G642.3[文化科学—高等教育学]