铁路机车司机睡眠状况调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Sleep Status of Railway Locomotive Drivers

作　　者：林海艺 于莹莹 王芳 LIN Haiyi;YU Yingying;WANG Fang(Guangzhou Disease Prevention and Control Center,China Railway Guangzhou Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou Guangdong 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路广州局集团有限公司广州铁路疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510000

出　　处：《铁路节能环保与安全卫生》2020年第4期40-45,共6页Railway Energy Saving & Environmental Protection & Occupational Safety and Health

摘　　要：了解铁路机车司机睡眠状况及失眠类型特点,可以为提高铁路机车司机生活质量和身体、心理健康提供依据。使用睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS)对某铁路局集团公司辖内1865名机车司机的睡眠状况进行调查分析。结果显示,铁路机车司机存在不同程度的睡眠障碍,除服药情况,其余9个因子得分、总分均数均高于全国常模;动车司机与普客/货物列车司机相比较,睡眠问题更为突出;本科学历的机车司机,在睡眠不足、睡眠质量不高、失眠服药情况方面较大专及以下学历的机车司机突出;在不同的婚姻状况中,已婚、离异或丧偶人群在睡眠时间、早醒、睡眠不稳等睡眠问题较未婚的机车司机突出;30~39岁、40~49岁2个年龄段的机车司机在睡眠不足、睡眠质量、觉醒质量、睡眠时间、睡眠不稳、早醒、失眠后反应等较突出。提出铁路机车司机睡眠状况不容乐观,应积极采取有效的干预措施,减少因睡眠障碍引发的身心疾病的发生发展。To understand the sleep status and insomnia types of railway locomotive drivers,and provide theoretical basis for improving the quality of life and physical and mental health of railway locomotive drivers.The sleep status of 1865 locomotive drivers in a railway administration group company was investigated and analyzed by using the Self-rating Sleep Status Scale(SRSS).The results show that railway locomotive drivers have different degrees of sleep disorders,and the scores of the other nine factors and the average total scores are higher than the national norm except the medication;Compared with the driver of general passenger/freight train,the driver of EMU/high-speed train has a more prominent sleep problem.Locomotive drivers with bachelor degree are more prominent than locomotive drivers with college degree or below in lack of sleep,poor sleep quality and insomnia medication;In different marital status,married,divorced or widowed people have more sleep problems than unmarried locomotive drivers in sleep time,early awakening and unstable sleep;The locomotive drivers aged 30-39 years and 40-49 years have obvious reaction problems after lack of sleep,sleep quality,awakening quality,sleep time,unstable sleep,early awakening and insomnia.It is pointed out that the sleeping situation of railway locomotive drivers is not optimistic,and effective intervention measures should be taken actively to reduce the occurrence and development of physical and mental diseases caused by sleep disorders.

关 键 词：铁路 机车司机 睡眠状况 睡眠状况自评量表 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]