白云鄂博稀土矿绿色浸出工艺研究  

Green Leaching Technology for Bayan Obo Rare Earth Ore

作　　者：马升峰[1,2] 徐惠 许延辉[1] 刘铃声[1] 关卫华[1] 王荣 MA Sheng-feng;XU Hui;XU Yan-hui;LIU Ling-sheng;GUAN Wei-hua;WANG Rong(State Key Laboratory of Bayan Obo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earth,Baotou 014030,Inner Mongolia,China;College of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]包头稀土研究院白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点试验室,内蒙古包头014030 [2]兰州理工大学石油化工学院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《矿冶工程》2020年第3期83-86,90,共5页Mining and Metallurgical Engineering

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金重大项目(2016ZD03);内蒙古自然科学基金(2017MS0210);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51634005)。

摘　　要：针对目前白云鄂博稀土矿处理工艺中放射性钍进入废渣难以存放、Ce(Ⅳ)难以浸出等问题,采用碱分解-硫酸浸出-水浸出处理白云鄂博稀土矿,考察了初始酸度、酸矿比、浸出温度和浸出时间等浸出条件对稀土、钍和Ce(Ⅳ)浸出的影响。结果表明:在初始硫酸浓度6 mol/L、酸矿质量比1.1∶1、反应温度90℃、反应时间120 min条件下,稀土平均总浸出率为95.5%,Ce(Ⅳ)和钍平均总浸出率均大于98%。Ce(Ⅳ)和钍进入酸浸液中,三价稀土进入水浸液中,实现了Ce(Ⅳ)与三价稀土元素的粗分离,解决了放射渣的问题。In view of the existing problems in the processing technique for the Bayan Obo rare earth ore, such as difficulty in the storage of waste containing radioactive thorium and difficulty in leaching of Ce(Ⅳ), a process consisting of alkaline decomposition, sulfuric acid leaching and water leaching was adopted in the experiment, and effects of initial acid concentration, acid to mineral ratio, leaching temperature and leaching time on the leaching of rare earth, Ce(Ⅳ) and ThO2 were explored. It is found that leaching at a temperature of 90 ℃ for 120 min with an initial sulfuric acid concentration of 6 mol/L and acid to mineral ratio of 1.1∶1 resulted in an average leaching rate of rare earth reaching 95.5%, the total leaching rate of Ce(Ⅳ) and ThO2 more than 98%. This process can realize the crude separation of Ce(Ⅳ) and trivalent rare earth, with Ce(Ⅳ) and ThO2 pulled into acid leaching solution while rare earth trivalate into water leaching solution, thus solving the problem of radioactive waste.

关 键 词：稀土矿 碱分解 浸出 四价铈(Ce(Ⅳ)) 钍 

分 类 号：TF806[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]