北京市首起新型冠状病毒肺炎医院聚集性疫情流行特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of the first hospital cluster outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 in Beijing

作　　者：窦相峰[1] 初艳慧[2] 刘白薇[1] 乔富宇[2] 任振勇[1] 王娟[1] 吴双胜[1] 任健 黎新宇[1] 贾蕾[1] 王全意[1] 庞星火[1] DOU Xiang-feng;CHU Yan-hui;LIU Bai-wei;QIAO Fu-yu;REN Zhen-yong;WANG Juan;WU Shuang-sheng;REN Jian;LI Xin-yu;JIA Lei;WANG Quan-yi;PANG Xing-huo(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Beijing Center for Preventive Medicine Research,Beijing 100013,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心,100013 [2]北京市西城区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2020年第3期124-127,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的描述医院内新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)聚集性疫情流行特征。方法对北京市某医院COVID-19确诊病例和相关人员进行流行病学调查,收集发病就诊信息、临床表现、实验室检测和暴露接触情况。COVID-19病例由市级或区级专家组根据COVID-19诊疗方案进行诊断。结果北京市首起医院聚集性疫情在2020年1月31日-2月25日共报告34例确诊病例和3例阳性检测者,死亡6例,总病死率16.2%,其中判定为COVID-19死亡2例(病死率5.4%)。指示病例1月31日发病并被隔离,至2月3日共筛查并隔离18例确诊病例,后续院内发病的病例均通过核酸检测主动筛查发现。冠心病监护病房(CCU)内密切接触组合罹患率为6.34%,急诊和CCU病房之间存在交叉传播,该疫情在院外涉及3个家庭聚集。结论COVID-19医院内聚集传播迅速,易造成多个家庭聚集,易引起病例死亡。早期筛查有利于病例的发现,及时处置可以有效控制疫情扩散。Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of the first hospital cluster out-break of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in Beijing and explore the prevention and control strategies.Methods To the COVID-19 cases in one hospital and their relative people,the epidemiological investigation was conducted with descriptive epidemiological method and their information of epidemiological-clinical characteristics,exposure of the patients,and contracts were collected and analyzed.Results A total of thirty-four confirmed cases and seven asymptomatic infections were reported in this hospital cluster out-break of COVID-19 from January 31st to February 25th in 2020.Among these people,there were six death cases with a total fatality rate of 16.2%,and two COVID-19-specific death with specific fatality rate 5.4%.During this hospital cluster out-break,the index case became ill on January 31 and was quarantined at the same day,and eighteen confirmed cases were screened and quarantined before February 3,and all subsequent cases in the hospital were found through active screening by RT-PCR.In the hospital,the attack rate of close contacts in the CCU ward was as high as 6.34%,there was a cross-transmission between the emergency department and the CCU ward,and the outbreak involved three familial cluster outside the hospital.Conclusions The hospital cluster out-break of COVID-19 could spread rapidly and result incases’death and multiple familial clusters.In additional,active screening and early quarantined are helpful to stop the hospital cluster outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 院内感染 聚集性疫情 暴发 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学]