射伞火箭开伞过程动力学仿真与分析  

Dynamic Simulation and Analysis of Parachute Deployment Using a Propelling Rocket

作　　者：刘涛[1] 许望晶 滕海山[1] 张章 LIU Tao;XU Wangjing;TENG Haishan;ZHANG Zhang(Beijing Institue of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2020年第4期45-54,共10页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家重大科技专项工程。

摘　　要：射伞火箭是一种新型的降落伞开伞装置,它能够利用自身的推力,拉动降落伞包持续远离被回收的飞行器,射伞火箭拉伞过程是否顺利,直接影响到飞行器能否正常回收。文章介绍了基于射伞火箭的开伞装置的主要组成,对射伞火箭开伞的工作过程进行了动力学分析,动力学建模过程把射伞火箭和降落伞伞包视为变质量刚体,把连接带视为只受拉力的阻尼弹簧,基于刚体平面运动理论建立了仿真数学模型,对系统主要参数进行了分析。结果表明,射伞火箭推力线偏差、射伞火箭和降落伞伞包轴线位置偏差都会引起开伞过程中伞包出现摆动,偏差越大,摆动越严重;在同等偏差下,增加连接带长度、选用低刚度高阻尼比的连接带材料,伞包产生的摆动更小。文章建模方法和分析结果对使用射伞火箭开伞的回收系统设计具有参考意义。Compared with the traditional mothed,propelling rocket is a new device for parachute deployment,which uses an ejector to deploy a parachute.It has the advantages of lower recoil force and deployment of large parachutes.Whether the parachute pulling process can work smoothly directly affects the recovery of an aircraft.This paper introduces the main components of the parachute opening device based on the propelling rocket,and makes a dynamic analysis of the parachute opening process by the propelling rocket.In the dynamic modeling process,the propelling rocket and parachute bag are regarded as rigid bodies with variable mass,and the connecting belt between them is regarded as a damping spring only providing tension.Based on the rigid body dynamics theory,the numerieal simulation mathematical model is established,and the main parameters of the system are analyzed.The results show that the deviation of the thrust line of the propelling rocket or the axis position deviation of the propelling rocket and parachute bag will swing to the parachute opening process,and the larger the deviation,the more serious the swing is;under the same deviation,increasing the length of the connecting belt and selecting the material with low stiffness and high damping ratio can reduce the swing of the parachute bag.The modeling method and analysis results in this paper have reference significance for the design of recovery system with parachute rocket.

关 键 词：射伞火箭 降落伞 拉直 动力学仿真 回收技术 

分 类 号：V412.44[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]