我国鲆鲽类种业:演化路径、现状及影响因素  

Development, current situation and influencing factors of China’s flatfish fingerling industry

作　　者：王微波[1] 杨正勇[1] WANG Wei-bo;YANG Zheng-yong(College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学经济管理学院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2020年第3期90-98,共9页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金“鲆鲽类产业技术体系工厂化养殖与产业经济研究”(项目编号:CARS-50-G11)资金资助。

摘　　要：近20年多年来,我国鲆鲽类养殖发展迅速,产量已跃居全球第一。苗种是水产养殖中最重要的生产要素之一,种业的健康发展是鲆鲽类养殖业持续稳定发展的基础。本文从经济学最基本的供需平衡出发研究产业的演化,以实证调查数据为基础分析了种业发展历程、生产现状以及目前的挑战。研究发现:我国鲆鲽类种业的逐步发展得益于其特殊时代背景的需求拉动,供给技术的革新,以及资源政策等。当前其正处于产业快速成长时期,产量稳中有升,主要以大菱鲆、牙鲆和半滑舌鳎苗种为主。不同区域所产品种各有所异,不同品种所表现的季节性也不同,苗种价格亦呈下降的趋势,表明该产业距离技术完善及工业化生产尚存在一定距离。企业良种意识薄弱,技术不完善,缺乏科学管理仍是该产业亟待解决的问题。因此,就很有必要加强生产者良种意识,加快研发鲆鲽类优良品种的培育与繁育技术,健全鲆鲽类良种培育和苗种繁育产业管理体系。Chinese production of flatfish has assumed a leading place among the world based on the rapid aquaculture industry development. Fingerling is one of the most important factors in aquaculture while its healthy development will contribute to steady and continuous development of the aquaculture industry. Whereas, few studies have been conducted to the flatfish industry. This article looks at the basic balance between supply and demand on the basis of the empirical survey data, and it analyzes the current situation of flatfish fingerling industry with respect to produc tion and challenge. The study shows that: the gradual development of this industry, thanks to its special era demand, supply technical innovation as well as policy, is becoming more and more stable characterized by a relatively increasing production. Turbot, bastard halibut and cynoglossus semilaevis are the main species. Production volume performance varies from different region and season manifests the distance to perfect industry. What is more, it is in urgent need to address weak consciousness, imperfect technology and lack of scientific management. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the producers’ consciousness, speed up the research and development of this industry as well as improve the breeding management system.

关 键 词：鲆鲽类种业 演化路径 品种的培育与繁育技术 

分 类 号：F326.403[经济管理—产业经济]