山西核桃主产区土壤养分状况现状  

Current Situation of Soil Nutrient Content in Main Producing Area of Walnut in Shanxi

作　　者：赵瑞芬[1] 程滨 张一弓 滑小赞 王森 王钊 ZHAO Ruifen;CHENG Bin;ZHANG Yigong;HUA Xiaozan;WANG Sen;WANG Zhao(College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第9期1487-1493,共7页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科学院农业科技创新研究课题(YCX2018417);山西省重点研发计划项目(201803D221003-5);山西省科技攻关项目(20150311014-4)。

摘　　要：为了了解山西省核桃主产区土壤养分含量及分布情况,探讨其丰缺状况,为指导核桃丰产栽培的施肥管理提供科学依据,以山西核桃主产区汾阳市、左权县、盂县、黎城县及古县核桃园0~30 cm表层土壤为研究对象,对土壤pH值以及有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌含量进行分析,并进行分级评价。结果表明,研究区土壤pH值平均为8.26,95.2%的土壤为微碱性土壤;山西核桃主产区土壤肥力总体水平不高,土壤有机质含量平均为15.4 g/kg,70.2%的土壤有机质含量偏低;碱解氮和有磷缺乏,平均含量分别为52.3、11.0 mg/kg,缺乏比例分别占67.5%和60.0%;土壤速效钾平均含量为170 mg/kg,大部分地区速效钾丰富,过量比例为61.9%;有效铁、有效锰、有效铜、有效锌平均含量分别为5.25、0.89、0.85、5.34 mg/kg,存在不同程度的铁、锰、锌缺乏以及铜、锌过量。不同县市、同一县市不同核桃种植地之间土壤养分丰缺程度差异较大。The present study is an attempt to know the content and distribution of soil nutrient and study its excess or deficiency in main producing area of walnut in Shanxi to provide scientific basis for guiding the fertilization management of abundant walnut cultivation.Top soil(0-30 cm)samples were collected in present study in main walnut growing area of Shanxi,including Fenyang city,Zuoquan county,Yuxian county,Licheng county and Guxian county.Ten fertility factors were analyzed and evaluated in accordance to the soil nutrient classification standard,including pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available contents of N,P,K,Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn.The results showed that most of the walnut soil samples showed an average pH value of 8.26 and 95.2%soil samples belonged to slightly alkaline.The overall soil fertility status of Shanxi walnut growing areas was not high,the average organic matter content was 15.4 g/kg and the average available N and P contents in soils were found to be 52.3,11.0 mg/kg,and data revealed that 67.5%of walnut growing area were deficient in available N and 60.0%deficient in available P.Most areas were rich in available K,61.9%of soil available potassium was excessive,with an average content of 170 mg/kg.The average available Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn contents were detected as 5.25,0.89,0.85,5.34 mg/kg,with different degrees of iron,manganese and zinc deficiency and copper and zinc excess.The degree of deficiency and excess of nutrient contents in soils varied greatly among different counties and different walnut growing areas in the same county.

关 键 词：核桃主产区 养分含量 土壤肥力 山西 

分 类 号：S714.9[农业科学—林学]