菌糠复合剂对土壤化学性状的影响  

Effects of a Combination of Mushroom Medium Residue and Chemical Fertilizer on Soil Chemical Properties

作　　者：陈花[1] 王建军[2] 王建武[1] 相微微[1] 赵敏 CHEN Hua;WANG Jianjun;WANG Jianwu;XIANG Weiwei;ZHAO Min(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China;College of Energy Engineering,Yulin University,Yulin 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院生命科学学院,陕西榆林719000 [2]榆林学院能源工程学院,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2020年第9期1494-1497,1509,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：陕西省教育厅科学研究计划项目(18JK0908);榆林市科技局产学研合作项目(2016CXY-07)。

摘　　要：为了缓解农业生产中化肥大量使用造成的土壤板结、肥力流失和水体污染等一系列环境污染问题,实现农业资源的循环再利用,试验以菌糠作为土壤改良剂,将不同比例的新鲜菌糠或发酵菌糠与化学肥料配施加入土壤中,测定土壤的pH以及有机质、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮含量,并对不同配方下的土壤养分进行综合评价,以筛选出一套行之有效的土壤改良配方,为科学改良土地资源提供理论依据。结果表明,随着菌糠施入量的不断增大,土壤中的有机质、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮含量均呈递增趋势;与施入量相当的新鲜菌糠相比,发酵菌糠处理的有机质、速效钾、有效磷、碱解氮含量均较高,其中,有机质含量达到显著水平;与其他发酵菌糠、新鲜菌糠、化学肥料相比,发酵菌糠112.5 g+化学肥料1 g的处理组对土壤肥力的改善能力最高,与空白对照相比,该处理下,有机质含量提高250%,有效磷含量提高190.8%,速效钾含量提高176.2%,碱解氮含量提高90.1%,且均达到显著水平,该处理下的土壤pH值虽有下降,但差异不显著。综上所述,菌糠能够提高土壤肥力,且发酵菌糠的效果优于新鲜菌糠。To alleviate a series of environmental pollution problems such as soil compaction,fertility loss and water pollution caused by the large use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production,realize the recycling of agricultural resources,in this test,mushroom medium residue was used as a soil amendments,different proportions of fresh mushroom medium residue or fermented mushroom medium residue were mixed with chemical fertilizers and applied to the soil,the soil pH,organic matter,available potassium,available phosphorus,and alkaline nitrogen were measured.Comprehensive evaluation of soil nutrients was carried out under the formula,to screen out a set of effective soil improvement formulas and provide theoretical basis for scientific improvement of land resources.The results showed that with the continuous increase of the amount of mushroom medium residue application,the contents of organic matter,available potassium,available phosphorus and alkaline nitrogen in the soil showed an increasing trend.Compared with the fresh mushroom medium residue applied contents,the contents of organic matter,available potassium,available phosphorus and alkaline nitrogen of the fermented mushroom medium residue were higher,and the content of organic matter reached a significant level.Compared with other fermented mushroom medium residue,fresh mushroom medium residue and chemical fertilizer,the fermented mushroom medium residue 112.5 g and chemical fertilizer 1 g in the treatment group had the highest ability to improve soil fertility.Compared with the blank control,the organic matter content increased by 250%,the content of available phosphorus increased by 190.8%,the content of available potassium increased by 176.2%,and the content of alkaline nitrogen increased by 90.1%,and all reached significant levels,and although the pH of the soil under this treatment decreased,but no obviously difference.In summary,mushroom medium residue can improve soil fertility,and the effect of fermented mushroom medium residue is better than fresh

关 键 词：食用菌菌糠复合剂 土壤 化学性状 改良 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]