可拉伸导体的最新进展  

Recent progress on stretchable conductors

作　　者：何文倩 周湘[2] 刘遵峰 He Wen-Qian;Zhou Xiang;Liu Zun-Feng(Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials,Ministry of Education,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology,College of Chemistry,College of Pharmacy,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines,Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学化学学院,南开大学药学院,药物化学生物学国家重点实验室,功能高分子材料教育部重点实验室,天津300071 [2]中国药科大学,天然药物国家重点实验室,生物活性天然产物研究江苏省重点实验室,南京210009

出　　处：《物理学报》2020年第17期219-242,共24页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2017YFB0307001);国家自然科学基金(批准号:51973093,U1533122,51773094);天津市自然科学基金(批准号:18JCZDJC36800);天津杰出青年科学基金(批准号:18JCJQJC46600);中央高校基本科研业务费(批准号:63171219);东华大学化学纤维与高分子材料改性国家重点实验室(批准号:LK1704);国家高层次人才专项支持计划(批准号:组厅字[2019]10号)资助的课题.

摘　　要：可拉伸导体因能够适应较大的变形以及与三维不规则表面实现无缝接触,受到了广泛关注,在信息、能源、医疗、国防等领域具有广阔的应用前景.在过去的几十年中,人们开发出了很多性能优异的导电纳米材料,如金属纳米线、碳纳米管、石墨烯和导电聚合物等.将导电纳米填料均匀分散到聚合物基质中是制备弹性导体的一种有效方法,可以实现导电性和拉伸性;另一种方法则是对导电复合物进行结构设计,引入可拉伸结构(如褶皱,网型,蛇形等),实现大形变下的性能稳定.本文主要总结了近五年来在弹性导体领域的最新进展,并指出了当前弹性导体领域存在的挑战.另外还讨论了一些柔性电子器件,如发光二极管、传感器、加热器等的研究现状,指明了柔性电子器件的发展趋势.Flexible stretchable conductors have attracted wide attention due to their promising applications in information,energy,medical,national defense and other fields,where elastic conductors undergo large deformation and form intimate contact with three-dimensional irregular surfaces.Many conductive nanomaterials with excellent properties have been developed over the past decades,such as metal nanowires,carbon nanotubes,graphene and conductive polymers.One efficient method to prepare stretchable conductor is to disperse conductive materials into elastic matrix to form a conductive network,showing stretchability and conductivity.As an alternative way,elastic conductors show stable resistance change during stretch by use of buckled or serpentine structural design for rigid conductors.This review summarizes recent advances in flexible elastic conductors in the past five years.In addition,some flexible electronic devices such as light-emitting diodes,sensors,heaters,etc.are also discussed and the development direction in the field of flexible electronic devices is also suggested.

关 键 词：柔性电子设备 导电纳米材料 可拉伸结构 弹性导体 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TB383.1[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]