铝合金脱氧槽液的回收再利用技术研究  

Reuse Technology of Waste Water Containing Chromium

作　　者：乔永莲[1] 罗永亮 董宇[1] 周石磊[1] QIAO Yong-lian;LUO Yong-liang;DONG Yu;ZHOU Shi-lei(Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Ltd.SAC,Shenyang 110086)

机构地区：[1]沈阳飞机工业(集团)有限公司,沈阳110086

出　　处：《环境技术》2020年第4期153-157,172,共6页Environmental Technology

摘　　要：铬酸阳极化是铝合金加工过程中一种重要的、不可缺少的关键技术,而铝合金工件在铬酸阳极化加工之前必须经脱氧工艺从而提高铬酸阳极化质量。随着脱氧槽液使用时间的延长,Al^3+的浓度逐渐增加,当其浓度高于17 g/L时,槽液报废。槽液报废不仅造成资源的浪费,且报废废液含有大量的重金属离子,直接排放会对环境造成污染。因此,开发脱氧槽液的资源化利用技术具有十分重要的意义。本文采用离子交换法对含铬废槽液进行回收处理,确定了反应时间、反应温度、搅拌速率以及树脂用量等参数对阳离子吸附的影响规律。结果显示,最优工艺条件下铝离子吸附率可以达到60%以上。用硝酸对树脂进行再生处理,效率可以达到88%左右。此外,结合自主研发和制造的废液杂质离子含量在线分析与监测装置,开发了铝合金脱氧废液再生利用系统,保证铝合金表面处理工艺的连续性,实现了金属表面处理的清洁生产。Chromic acid anodizing is an important and indispensable technology in the process of aluminum alloy processing,and the alloy must be deoxidized before chromic acid anodizing to improve its quality.However,the concentration of Al3+increased with the use of bath solution.When the concentration of Al^3+was higher than 17 g/L,it must be discarded.The waste liquid contains a lot of heavy metal ions,which will pollute the environment.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop the resource utilization technology of deoxidizing bath liquid.In this paper,the ion exchange method is used to recover the waste water containing chromium.Several conditions which could affect the adsorption efficiency,such as reaction time,reaction temperature,stirring rate and resin dosage,have been evaluated and the maximum removal rate of aluminum ions is about 60%.Through the experiment of regeneration performance,the regeneration efficiency of resin could be above 88%with the treatment of nitric acid.The recycling process system of aluminum alloy deoxidized waste liquid is developed by combining with the on-line analysis and monitoring device of waste liquid impurity content,which has solved the problem of waste liquid treatment and recovery of deoxidizing liquid,guaranteed the continuity of metal deoxidizing surface treatment production,realized the clean production of metal surface treatment,and met the requirement of current industry green manufacture.

关 键 词：离子交换 树脂 去除率 循环性能 

分 类 号：TF09[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]