石羊河流域人工防护林碳效益估算  

Carbon benefits evaluation of the artificial shelter forest in the Shiyanghe River Basin

作　　者：王新友 马全林[1] 王耀琳[1] Wang Xinyou;Ma Quanlin;Wang Yaolin(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Radio&TV University,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃广播电视大学,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2020年第4期197-205,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660232);甘肃省科技重大专项(18ZD2FA009);甘肃省基础研究创新群体项目(145RJIA335)。

摘　　要：人工植被建设具有显著的碳汇作用,是固定CO2以缓解气候变化的最有效措施。为揭示固沙造林对沙漠生态系统碳汇的影响,以甘肃省森林资源二类清查数据(2016年)为基础,应用CBP(Carbon Benefits Project)碳计量模型工具,研究了干旱地区石羊河流域人工防护林的碳效益。结果表明:石羊河流域人工固沙林当前总碳储量为0.81 Tg,价值2.03亿元;每公顷年固碳0.45 Mg,价值113.13元;在0~100 a时间尺度上,最大固碳潜力为2.19 Tg,价值5.51亿元。绿洲防护林当前的总碳储量是2.51 Tg,价值6.31亿元;每公顷年固碳5.2 Mg,价值1307.28元;在0~50 a时间尺度上,最大固碳潜力是3.03 Tg,价值7.62亿元。在0~100 a时间尺度上,石羊河流域人工固沙林的碳效益呈快速增长(0~25 a)-急速下降(25~30 a)-缓慢下降(35~100 a)的向上单峰型变化趋势。绿洲防护林的碳效益随林龄在0~50 a时间尺度上呈持续增加的变化趋势。固沙林的衰败死亡是降低人工固沙林碳效益的重要因素,随着年死亡率从2.5%降低到2.0%、1.0%、0%,39 a林龄的人工固沙林碳效益(总碳储量、碳密度和固碳速率)分别增长1.51、2.54、3.56倍。"退耕还林"措施显著提升人工固沙林碳效益,"退耕还林"66 667 hm^2、133 334 hm2下39 a林龄的人工固沙林碳储量分别增长6.27、25.59倍,碳密度分别增长2.50、6.44倍,固碳速率分别增加2.67、6.67倍。因此,固沙造林是增加沙漠生态系统碳汇的有效措施,提升人工固沙林碳汇效益的主要途径就是保证其生长发育,避免衰败和死亡。为了避免将来变成典型的碳源,增加温室气体排放,石羊河流域人工固沙林亟待科学保育和重新恢复。Artificial vegetation construction is considered effective options for carbon dioxide sequestration to mitigate the impact of climate change. Based on the CBP(Carbon Benefits Project)carbon measurement model,the efficiency of artificial shelter forest in Shiyanghe River Basin in carbon sequestration was studied using the secondary inventory data of forest resources in Gansu Province(2016). The results show that the total carbon storage of sand-fixing plantation in Shiyanghe River Basin is 0. 81 Tg C,with a value of 203 million RMB.The annual carbon sequestration per hectare is 0. 45 Mg,with a value of 113. 13 RMB. The maximum carbon sequestration potential is 2. 19 Tg C on the 0-100 years scale,with a value of 551 million RMB. The total carbon storage of oasis shelterbelt in Shiyang River Basin is 2. 51 Tg C,with a value of 631 million RMB. The annual carbon sequestration per hectare is 5. 2 Mg,with a value of 1307. 28 RMB. The maximum carbon sequestration potential is 3. 03 Tg C on the 0-50 years scale,with a value of 762 million RMB. On the 0-100 years scale,the carbon sequestration benefits of the sand-fixing plantation in Shiyang River basin changed significantly with the planting years. The carbon storage showed rapid growth(0-25 years),rapid decline(25-30 years),slow decline(35-100 years),with an upwardly unimodal-type change trend. The carbon sequestration benefits of the oasis shelterbelt in Shiyang River basin showed sustained growth. The death rate is the most important factor affecting carbon sequestration efficiency of the plantation in Shiyang River Basin. With the annual death rate dropped from the rates of 2. 5% to 2%,1% and 0,after 39 years,its carbon benefits are respectively 1. 51,2. 54 and3. 56 times that of the original sand-fixing plantation in the 39 th year. The management measures of Grain for Green Project can significantly improve the carbon sequestration efficiency of the plantation in Shiyang River Basin. With the Grain for Green Project progressing at the area of 66 667 hm2 and 133 33

关 键 词：CBP碳计量模型 碳储量 固碳速率 人工固沙林 人工防护林 

分 类 号：S713[农业科学—林学]