Saccharomyces cerevisiae in neuroscience:how unicellular organism helps to better understand prion protein?  

作　　者：Takao Ishikawa 

机构地区：[1]Department of Molecular Biology,Institute of Biochemistry,Faculty of Biology,University of Warsaw,Warsaw,Poland

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2021年第3期489-495,共7页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：funded by the Polish National Science Centre MINIATURA3,grant No.501/66 GR-6220(to TI)。

摘　　要：The baker's yeast Saccharomyces(S.)cerevisiae is a single-celled eukaryotic model organism widely used in research on life sciences.Being a unicellular organism,S.cerevisiae has some evident limitations in application to neuroscience.However,yeast prions are extensively studied and they are known to share some hallmarks with mammalian prion protein or other amyloidogenic proteins found in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's,Parkinson's,or Huntington's diseases.Therefore,the yeast S.cerevisiae has been widely used for basic research on aggregation properties of proteins in cellulo and on their propagation.Recently,a yeast-based study revealed that some regions of mammalian prion protein and amyloidβ1–42 are capable of induction and propagation of yeast prions.It is one of the examples showing that evolutionarily distant organisms share common mechanisms underlying the structural conversion of prion proteins making yeast cells a useful system for studying mammalian prion protein.S.cerevisiae has also been used to design novel screening systems for anti-prion compounds from chemical libraries.Yeastbased assays are cheap in maintenance and safe for the researcher,making them a very good choice to perform preliminary screening before further characterization in systems engaging mammalian cells infected with prions.In this review,not only classical red/white colony assay but also yeast-based screening assays developed during last year are discussed.Computational analysis and research carried out using yeast prions force us to expect that prions are widely present in nature.Indeed,the last few years brought us several examples indicating that the mammalian prion protein is no more peculiar protein–it seems that a better understanding of prion proteins nature-wide may aid us with the treatment of prion diseases and other amyloid-related medical conditions.

关 键 词：amyloid artificial prion baker's yeast budding yeast drug screening fusion protein neurodegenerative diseases prion protein yeast-based assay 

分 类 号：Q189[生物学—神经生物学]