2010—2015年江苏省环太湖及沿海地区土地利用变化和生态风险分析  

Land Use Change and Ecological Risk Analysis around Taihu Lake and Coastal Areas in Jiangsu Province from 2010 to 2015

作　　者：张小强 王云燕 黄娟[1,2] ZHANG Xiao-qiang;WANG Yun-yan;HUANG Juan(Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036;Jiangsu Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036;College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210036)

机构地区：[1]江苏省环境工程重点实验室,江苏省环境科学研究院,江苏南京210036 [2]江苏省环保集团有限公司,江苏南京210036 [3]河海大学环境学院,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第17期97-103,132,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家十三五水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项“太湖流域水生态环境功能分区管控策略研究与业务化运行”(2018ZX07208-004);江苏省环境工程重点实验室开放课题项目(ZX2017007)。

摘　　要：以江苏省环太湖和沿海地区为研究对象,运用遥感影像资料及地理信息技术,将研究区域土地利用类型划分为耕地、林地、草地、湿地、人工表面及其他用地6种土地利用类型,并对各类用地空间分布及比例进行现状分析。基于土地利用类型及景观类型指数探讨太湖一级保护区2010—2015年土地利用动态变化规律,并在此基础上构建区域生态风险指数,对江苏盐城市沿海生态风险时空分布及演变情况进行分析。结果表明,环太湖地区人工表面面积最大,沿海地区则以耕地为主,太湖一级保护区以湿地为主,2010—2015年各地类转化复杂,景观格局趋于复杂化、分散化。区域生态风险评价表明沿海地区生态风险程度自内陆向沿海呈梯度状增大趋势。区域生态风险及土地利用方式转变与人类的生产、生活有着密不可分的关系,因此,应优化土地利用转化模式,加强较高生态风险区域生态保护,以实现土地资源的可持续性发展及区域生态风险的有效管理。This article focused on the area around Taihu Lake and coastal areas in Jiangsu Province,and used remote sensing image data and geographic information technology to divide the land use types in the study area into six land use types:cultivated land,forest land,grassland,wetland,artificial surface and other land use types.The current status of the spatial distribution and proportion of various land uses was analyzed.Based on the land use type and landscape type index,the dynamic changes of land use in Taihu first-grade protected areas from 2010 to 2015 were discussed.Based on this,a regional ecological risk index was constructed to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution and evolution of coastal ecological risks in Yancheng,Jiangsu.The results showed that the area around Taihu Lake had the largest artificial surface area,the coastal areas were dominated by cultivated land,and the Taihu first-grade protected areas were dominated by wetlands.The transformation between various land types was complex and the landscape pattern tended to become more complex and decentralized between 2010 and 2015.The regional ecological risk assessment showed that the ecological risk of coastal areas increased gradually from inland to coastal areas.Regional ecological risks and changes in land use were closely related to human production and life.Therefore,it should optimize land use conversion mode,strengthen ecological protection area of high ecological risk,in order to achieve sustainable development and effective management of ecological risks of regional land use of resources.

关 键 词：太湖 沿海地区 土地利用 生态风险评价 景观格局 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]