中草药水浸提液对5种植物病原真菌的影响  

Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Water Extract on Five Plant Pathogenic Fungi

作　　者：蒋晶晶 彭沛穰 苏锋锋 周昭旭[1,2] 杜蕙 JIANG Jing-jing;PENG Pei-rang;SU Feng-feng(Institue of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,.Gansu 730070;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Tianshui,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianshui,Gansu 741000;College of Life Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]农业部天水作物有害生物科学观测实验站,甘肃天水741000 [3]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第17期172-174,235,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院科技支撑计划项目(2020GAAS38);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201400);甘肃省现代水果产业技术体系(GARS-SG-2);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203035);甘肃省科技支撑计划(1204NKCA099)。

摘　　要：[目的]探索对植物病原真菌具有抑菌活性的中草药。[方法]在室内采用菌丝生长速率法测定黄连、黄芩和大黄水浸提液单剂及其复合剂不同浓度对5种植物病原真菌菌丝的抑制作用。[结果]60%黄连、黄芩和大黄水浸提液对辣椒疫霉病菌和西瓜蔓枯病菌抑制率分别达97.7%和88.2%、87.3%和84.3%、73.5%和84.5%,抑制效果均较好;大黄对葡萄灰霉病菌的抑制效果优于黄连和黄芩,抑制率可达59.0%;黄连对葡萄炭疽病菌和玉米茎基腐病菌的抑制效果优于黄芩和大黄;除葡萄灰霉病菌外,不同浓度的水浸提液复合剂对其他4种病原真菌的抑制率均高于大黄,低于黄连,总体抑制效果及趋势与黄芩相近。[结论]黄连水浸提液抑菌范围最广、效果最好,可进一步为新型天然杀菌剂的研制和开发提供新途径。[Objective]To explore Chinese herbal medicines that have antifungal activity against phytopathogenic fungi.[Method]The mycelial growth rate method was used to determine the single-agent and compound of Coptis chinensis,Scutellaria and Rhubarb water extracts in different concentrations against the five plant pathogenic fungal mycelia.[Result]60% of Coptis chinensis,Scutellaria and Rhubarb water extracts had inhibition rates of 97.7% and 88.2%,87.3% and 84.3%,73.5% and 84.5%,respectively,against Phytophthora capsici and Mycospharella melonis,had the better inhibitory effects;Rhubarb had better inhibitory effects on Botrytis cinerea than Coptis chinensis and Scutellaria,with an inhibition rate of 59.0%;Coptis chinensis had better effects on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum than Scutellaria and Rhubarb;except for Botrytis cinerea,the inhibitory rates of different concentrations of water extract solution complexes on the other four pathogenic fungi were higher than Rhubarb and lower than Coptis chinensis,and the overall inhibition effect and trend were similar to that of Scutellaria.[Conclusion]It indicated that Coptis chinensis water extract had the wide range of antifungal and had the best effect,which can further provide a new way for the research and development of new natural fungicides.

关 键 词：黄连 黄芩 大黄 水浸提液 抑菌率 

分 类 号：S482.2[农业科学—农药学]