人体不同部位红外温度计体温测量值的比较研究  

Comparison of body temperatures measured at different parts of human body

作　　者：刘雨薇 龚仁蓉 许瑞华 李远霞 李卡[1] Liu Yuwei;Gong Renrong;Xu Ruihua;Li Yuanxia;Li Ka(Department of Biliary Surgery,West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital of Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西护理学院/四川大学华西医院胆道外科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2020年第16期59-62,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：四川大学华西护理学科发展专项基金(HXHL19031);四川省软科学研究计划项目(2018ZR0371)。

摘　　要：目的探讨人体不同部位用不同体温计测量体温值的差异,为临床体温测量部位和工具提供参考。方法采用自身同期对照设计,以手持非接触式红外温度计测量前额、颞部、颈部正中、颈部外侧、眼内侧角、耳垂后、耳道7个体表位置温度,分别间隔距离1.5cm、5.0cm进行测量,同时以水银体温计测量腋下温度作为参照。结果共纳入患者76例。非接触式红外温度计测得7个部位的体温总体比较,差异有统计学意义(间隔1.5cm组与间隔5.0cm组,均P<0.01),耳道温度最高,前额温度最低。非发热患者前额、颞部体温与腋温比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);发热患者前额、颞部、颈部体温与腋温比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),相差最大的前额温度与腋温差值可达0.62℃;耳道温度最接近腋窝温度,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论耳道温度更接近腋温,推荐在发热筛查时以耳道作为测量部位。非接触式红外体温计与体表皮肤间隔5.0cm测量体温可以在保证准确性的同时减少接触风险,但测量耳道时可适当缩短测量距离以使测量更加准确。Objective To compare the temperatures at different parts of human body measured by two thermometers,and to provide evidences for clinical temperature measurement sites and tools.Methods A self-controlled descriptive study was conducted.A noncontact infrared thermometer was used to measure the temperature of the forehead,temporal artery,middle of the neck,lateral of the neck,medial corner of the eye,posterior earlobe,and the ear canal,with a distance of 1.5 cm and 5.0 cm respectively.Meanwhile,the axillary temperature was measured with a mercury thermometer and served as a reference.Results A total of 76 patients were included.The overall difference in body temperatures measured at 7 sites by the non-contact infrared thermometer was significant,and the measurements had significant difference between the 1.5 cm and the 5 cm subgroups(P<0.01 for all).The average temperature of the ear canal was the highest,while the temperature of forehead was the lowest.For patients without a fever,the temperature measured at the forehead,and temporal artery had significant difference with axillary temperature(P<0.05,P<0.01).For patients with a fever,the temperatures taken at the forehead,temporal artery and the neck were significantly different from axillary temperature(P<0.05,P<0.01),with the disparity between forehead and axillary temperature as large as 0.62℃(P<0.01).Ear canal temperature was the closest to axillary temperature(P>0.05).Conclusion The temperature measured at the ear canal is closer to that taken at the axilla.It is recommended to use the ear canal as the measurement site for fever screening.Keeping a distance of 5.0 cm between the thermometer and skin could reduce the risk of contact while ensuring accuracy.However,in the case of ear canal measurement,the distance can be appropriately shortened to better take aim.

关 键 词：发热 体温测量 体温计 非接触红外温度计 皮肤温度 头颈部温度 腋温 

分 类 号：R472.9[医药卫生—护理学]