权益诉求视角下的罗斯海保护区设立过程分析及其启示  

ANALYSIS ON THE PROCESS OF ROSS SEA REGION MPA ESTABLISHMENT UNDER RIGHTS AND INTERESTS CLAIMS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS

作　　者：邹磊磊[1] Zou Leilei(Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《极地研究》2020年第3期373-382,共10页Chinese Journal of Polar Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中国的南极磷虾渔业发展政策研究”(17BGJ014);国家社科基金专项“维护国家海洋权益研究”(17VHQ010)资助。

摘　　要：2016年10月南极罗斯海保护区提案在历经5年协商谈判后得以通过。在罗斯海保护区协商谈判中,出于对地缘政治因素主导下的南极"软控制"担忧,相关国家对该提案表示关切和质疑。另外,对渔业权益的考量也在一定程度上影响部分国家对该提案的态度。因此,南极权益诉求是保护区谈判经历曲折的主要原因之一。罗斯海保护区提案的通过是各方基于各自权益进行博弈并妥协的结果。未来保护区制度可能成为南极海洋环境保护的重要手段,为维护南极权益,中国应汲取罗斯海保护区提案协商谈判的经验,提高对保护区制度的认识,洞悉提案背后潜在的权益纷争,提升权益诉求下的政治博弈能力,参与法律规制的构建,加强南极的科学研究,从而成长为南极海洋保护区事务的重要参与者。After 5 years of negotiations,the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources reached consensus in October 2016 on the establishment of the Ross Sea Region Marine Protected Area(RSRMPA)in the Antarctic.During the negotiations,some states expressed concerns out of fear and suspicion that control would be enforced in accordance with the boundaries defined by the territorial claims,and that fishery rights would be curtailed.Concerns over states’claims for rights and interests prolonged the negotiation.Consensus on the establishment of RSRMPA can at least in part be attributed to compromises reached among different states.China is motivated to become a key player in the establishment and management of Antarctic Marine Protected Areas(MPAs)because MPAs may facilitate a new approach to Antarctic marine ecosystem protection.To achieve this goal,China needs to learn from the experience of the RSRMPA negotiations,gain knowledge about states’rights and interests claims in MPA proposals,enhance negotiation skills,become actively involved in MPA regime making,and promote scientific research to improve the scientific understanding of MPAs.

关 键 词：南极罗斯海保护区 南极 权益 

分 类 号：P74[天文地球—海洋科学]