蚊虫组学研究进展  

The research progress in the omics of vector mosquitoes

作　　者：吴恙 周腾飞 赖泽钿 谢李华 谢雨谷 刘培文 刘通 杨文强 金彬彬 孔翎 郭怡佳 赵宜洁 邓洁琳 顾金保 陈晓光 WU Yang;ZHOU Teng-Fei;LAI Ze-Tian;XIE Li-Hua;XIE Yu-Gu;LIU Pei-Wen;LIU Tong;YANG Wen-Qiang;JIN Bin-Bin;KONG Ling;GUO Yi-Jia;ZHAO Yi-Jie;DENG Jie-Lin;GU Jin-Bao;CHEN Xiao-Guang(Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Emerging Infectious Diseases of Guangdong Higher Institutes,Department of Pathogen Biology,School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学公共卫生学院病原生物学系暨广东省热带病防治研究重点实验室,广州510515

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2020年第4期789-797,共9页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31830087);美国NIH R01项目(AI136850);广州市与发达国家和港澳台地区合作项目(201803040006)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着高通量测序技术和生物信息学分析技术的成熟和不断革新,蚊虫基因组学、转录组学、小RNA组学也获得了快速发展。迄今为止,已有包括白纹伊蚊、埃及伊蚊、冈比按蚊在内约22种媒介蚊虫的基因组被解析报道。不同蚊种的基因组大小差异很大,且与基因组中的重复序列的多少呈正相关;蚊基因组的解析和比较基因组的分析有助于探索蚊基因组的结构和功能;转录组的研究为蚊虫嗅觉、性别决定、胚胎发育等相关基因的研究提供了有效手段;小RNA组的研究揭示了miRNA和piRNA在蚊媒抗病毒免疫通路中具有重要作用。综上所述,蚊虫组学研究为防治媒介蚊虫和蚊媒传染病病提供了理论基础和数据支撑。Recently,thanks to the novel high-throughput sequencing techniques and bioinformatical methods,the studies on the genomics,transcriptomics,and small RNAomics of mosquitoes developed rapidly.Thus far,the genomes of 22 mosquitoes have been released,including Aedes albopictus,Aedes aegypti,Anopheles gambiae and other important vectors.The genome sizes vary among the different species,which is positively correlated with the percentage of the repeat regions in the genome.The genome studies reveal the function and structure of mosquito genome,and the transcriptomes provide a powerful tool to study on the olfactory,sex determination,and embryonic development of mosquitoes,and the small RNAomics indicate the important roles of miRNA and piRNA in the immunity pathway against virus infection.In conclusion,the studies on mosquito omics provide the theoretical basis and data support for the prevention and control of vector mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases.

关 键 词：蚊 媒介 基因组学 转录组学 小RNA组学 蚊媒传染病 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]