政府创新补贴、市场溢出效应与地区产业增长——基于科技型中小企业技术创新基金的实证研究  

Government innovation subsidies, market spillover and regional industry growth: an empirical study based on Innovation Fund For Technology Based Firms

作　　者：郭研[1] 张皓辰 GUO Yan;ZHANG Haochen(School of Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of New Structural Economics,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学经济学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学新结构经济学研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2020年第4期1-15,共15页Industrial Economics Research

摘　　要：政府给予企业的创新补贴通过正向的溢出效应作用于经济增长。基于我国科技型中小企业技术创新基金(Innofund)的项目数据,从行业内溢出和行业间溢出两个维度检验了创新补贴对行业增长的溢出效应。研究发现,创新补贴通过水平溢出效应显著促进了区域内受资助行业的增长。利用投入产出表构造行业之间的生产网络关联,发现创新补贴还能够通过前向和后向的垂直溢出效应促进区域内上下游行业的增长。异质性分析的结果表明,在市场化程度更高的地区行业内和行业间的溢出效应都更强,2005年项目筛选机制由集权到分权的变化显著提升了创新补贴的溢出效应。这些结果印证了市场机制和政策实施机制对产业政策效果的影响。此外,尽管创新补贴能够促进行业规模增长,但研究并没有发现创新补贴对行业效率的显著改善作用,这为创新驱动产业政策的制定提供了重要的政策启示。Innovation subsidies given by the government to enterprises act on economic growth through positive spillover effects. Based on project data from Innovation Fund For Technology Based Firms(Innofund), this paper estimates the spillover effects of innovation subsidies on industry growth in two dimensions: intra-industry spillover and inter-industry spillover. The study finds that innovation subsidies significantly contribute to the growth of the subsidized industries in the region through horizontal spillover effects. By using input-output tables to construct production network linkages between sectors, the authors find that innovation subsidies can also contribute to the growth of upstream and downstream sectors in the region through forward and backward vertical spillovers. The results of the heterogeneity analysis show that both intra-industry and inter-industry spillovers are stronger in higher level of marketization regions. Moreover, the change in the screening mechanism from centralization to decentralization in 2005 significantly enhances the spillover effects of innovation subsidies. These results confirm the influence of market mechanisms and policy implementation mechanisms on the effectiveness of the industrial policy. Besides, although innovation subsidies can promote the growth of industry size, the study does not find any significant improvement effect of innovation subsidies on industry efficiency, which provides essential policy insights for innovation-driven industrial policy formulation.

关 键 词：创新补贴 溢出效应 垂直关联 产业政策 政策实施机制 经济增长 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]