中间投入品资源错配与制造业全要素生产率  

Resource misallocation of intermediate inputs and total factor productivity in manufacturing

作　　者：陈汝影 余东华[1] CHEN Ruying;YU Donghua(School of Economics,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2020年第4期115-128,共14页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71973083);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJA790109);山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2019MG018)。

摘　　要：中间投入品资源错配是影响制造业全要素生产率的重要因素。拓展Hsieh and Klenow(2009)的理论分析框架,在资本和劳动资源错配分析基础上,引入中间投入品资源错配因素,同时放松规模报酬不变假设条件,对中国制造业资源错配状况进行测算分析。结果发现:中国制造业劳动、资本和中间投入品资源错配客观存在,仅考虑资本、劳动两种要素资源错配时,测算得到的全要素生产率效率值远远低于实际值,全要素生产率效率损失情况被严重高估,纳入中间投入品资源错配因素,有助于准确测算全要素生产率效率实际情况;可变规模报酬对资源错配程度有调节作用,放松规模报酬不变假设条件,有助于准确测算资源错配导致的全要素生产率效率损失情况;与资本、劳动资源错配相比,中间投入品资源错配导致的全要素生产率效率损失更为严重;融资约束、行政垄断等因素是制造业资源错配的重要成因。将中间投入品纳入制造业资源错配分析框架,有助于精确考察制造业资源错配真实状况,有利于科学和精准施策,为切实提高资源配置效率和产出效率提供理论和事实依据。Resource misallocation of intermediate inputs is an important factor affecting total factor productivity in manufacturing.Expanding Hsieh and Klenow’s(2009)theoretical analysis framework,based on the analysis of capital and labor resource misallocation,this paper introduces resource misallocation factors of intermediate inputs.At the same time,this paper relaxes the assumption of constant returns to scale to measure and analyze the resource misallocation of Chinese manufacturing industry.The study finds that:the misallocation of labor,capital and intermediate input resources in China’s manufacturing sector objectively exists;when considering only the misallocation of capital and labor resources,the measured TFP efficiency value is much lower than the actual value,and the loss of TFP efficiency is seriously overestimated;including the factor of misallocation of intermediate input resources is conducive to measuring the actual situation of TFP efficiency accurately;variable scale returns have a moderating effect on the degree of resource misallocation,and relaxing the assumption of constant scale returns helps to accurately measure the loss of TFP efficiency caused by resource misallocation;compared with the misallocation of capital and labor resources,the loss of TFP efficiency caused by the misallocation of intermediate input resources is more serious;financing constraints,administrative monopoly and other factors are important causes of resource misallocation in manufacturing.The inclusion of intermediate inputs into the analysis framework of manufacturing resource misallocation is conducive to an accurate investigation of the real situation of manufacturing resource misallocation,and is conducive to scientific and precise policy-making.It can provide theoretical and factual bases for the practical improvement of resource allocation efficiency and output efficiency.

关 键 词：资源错配 要素价格扭曲 中间投入品 规模报酬 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济] F062.9