从家庭到城邦的政治教育——亚里士多德的“人是政治动物”之谜  

Political Education from Family to Polis:Aristotle on the Question of“Man Is a Political Animal”

作　　者：贺晴川 HE Qingchuan(School of Liberal Arts,Renmin University of China,Beijing,100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2020年第8期14-23,共10页Global Education

摘　　要：如何教育"政治人"是古往今来一切政治体的核心任务,也是政治哲学的重要课题。当前西方学界对亚里士多德政治哲学的复兴,部分是为了弥补自由民主制长期缺乏的这种政治教育维度,而波考克的"公民共和主义"是最具代表性的努力之一。本文第一部分讨论波考克如何从亚里士多德的"人是政治动物"命题演绎出一套"积极自由"的政治教育学说,剖析其解释的偏颇之处;第二部分旨在回归亚里士多德原本的思路,认为"城邦"而非"人"的本性才是理解"政治人"及其教育方式的前提,进而凸显"家庭"在城邦中发挥的礼法功能;第三部分从家庭出发讨论了亚里士多德政治教育的两大主题——友爱与正义,以此观照古典政治教育的启示。How to educate"political man"is a crucial task of every ancient and modern polity,and it is also an important political philosophy theme.Currently reviving Aristotelian political philosophy aims partially to complement the dimension of political education,which has been a shortcoming for long in the liberal democracy,and the"civic republicanism"of Pocock is the most representative endeavor.In this essay,the first part discusses how Pocock infers the educational doctrine of"positive freedom"from Aristotle’s famous words"man is a political animal",and exposes the deficiency of his interpretation.The second part returns to the original thoughts of Aristotle,claims that the nature of"polis"rather than"man"should be the premise to understand"political man"and its way of education,and finally highlights the functional nomos of"family"in the ancient polis.The third part explains the two themes of Aristotelian political education,friendship and justice,from which we can understand the enlightenment of classical political education.

关 键 词：政治动物 城邦 家庭 礼法 友爱 正义 

分 类 号：D091.2[政治法律—政治学]