陕西省农村老年人群慢性病患病现状及相关应对措施研究  

Study on status and relevant countermeasures of chronic diseases for rural elderly in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：肖婷 张文皓 张凤 陈玉 尼春萍 邵佩 徐莎莎 XIAO Ting;ZHANG Wen-hao;ZHANG Feng;CHEN Yu;NI Chun-ping;SHAO Pei;XU Sha-sha(Department of Nursing,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710032,China;Department of Emergency,Tibet Military General Hospital,Lhasa Tibet,850007,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学护理系,陕西西安710032 [2]西藏军区总医院急诊科,西藏拉萨850007

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第14期1929-1934,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目计划(2017SF-177)。

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省农村老年人群慢性病现状及其影响因素,为针对性开展农村老年人健康促进和疾病防治提供理论依据。方法自2016年7月—2017年3月,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法对陕西省11个县24个行政村3 307名老年人进行慢性病患病现状调查。运用χ2检验、二元logistic回归分析探讨影响慢性病的独立因素。结果陕西省农村老年人慢性病患病率为68.70%。患病率居前5位的分别为高血压(27.67%)、关节疾病(22.59%)、冠心病(15.72%)、胃肠疾病(10.00%)、耳聋(7.81%)。Logistic回归显示,地域、年龄、文化程度、精神获得帮助、饮酒、跌倒、食欲减退、三餐规律均是陕西省农村老年人慢性病发病的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论陕西省农村老年人群慢性病患病率高,且患病情况受到多重因素的影响。应当改进与完善农村老年人群卫生医疗保障机制,探索"医护养结合"的农村养老模式,构建防治健一体的农村老年人健康卫生服务体系,切实提高农村老年人群健康状况。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of chronic diseases of elderly in rural areas of Shaanxi Province,provide a theoretical basis for the targeted development of health promotion in rural areas.Methods From July 2016 to March 2017,multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of chronic diseases among 3307 elderly people in 24 administrative villages of 11 counties in Shaanxi Province.χ^2 and binary logistic regression analysis were used to explore the independent factors of chronic diseases.Results The prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly in rural areas of Shaanxi Province was 68.70%.The top five diseases ofhighest prevalence rate were hypertension(27.67%),joint disease(22.59%),coronary heart disease(15.72%),gastrointestinal disease(10.00%)and deafness(7.81%).Logistic regression showed that region,age,educational level,mental help,drinking,falling,loss of appetite and regular diet were the influencing factors of chronic diseases in rural elderly in Shaanxi Province(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases of rural elderly in Shaanxi Province is high and influenced by multiple factors.It is necessary to improve and perfect the health and medical security mechanism of the rural elderly,explore the rural pension mode of"combination of medical care and support",and build a health service system for the rural elderly with integrated prevention and treatment,so as to effectively improve the health status of rural elderly people.

关 键 词：老年人 慢性病 农村 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]